3.4.1. Elasticity coefficient method based on Budyko hypothesis Calculate the influencing factors of runoff change on an annual scale by the Choudhury-Yang formula (Formula 10). The idea is to calculate the elasticity coefficients of the corresponding influencing factors and then use them to calculat...
The separation between these two is time variable and depends on the overland runoff coefficient fs, which in a linear function of the relative soil saturation level u/umax:(7)fs=ϕuumaxwhere φ is the overland runoff coefficient during maximum soil saturation. NAM provides the option to ...
Throughflow in time depends on the instantaneous difference of sea and lagoon elevations, the wetted cross section, a function of seaward head, the angle of feasible oscillations of the hinged gates, and a discharge coefficient. The mean lagoon rise Δh can be given as a function of the ...
SWMM and SHE showed a larger change in annual percentage runoff than MOUSE when the soil depth changed from 0.5 m to 1.0 m. The pattern visible in the graph for MOUSE is, as expected, similar to the pattern of the Overland Coefficient (CQOF), see Table S1 in the Supplementary ...
3.5. Influences on Runoff and Runoff Depth from Climate Factors Previous studies had pointed out that rainfall had a significant impact on runoff, while drought changed their relationship and runoff coefficient [61,62]. The study in the Campaspe River Basin in southeast Australia showed that when ...
We also employed the elastic coefficient method based on the Budyko water–energy balance theory to quantify the potential driving force of runoff change. This study provides an important supplement to the study of forest hydrology in tropical regions with rapid vegetation conversion, and lays a ...
(U01-U10). Furthermore, to avoid the influence of different basins and divergent rainfall levels, the runoff modulus coefficient was selected to reflect the size of the runoff, which can be transformed into a dimensionless runoff coefficient; this means the runoff and rainfall can be considered ...
The large runoff coefficient (annual runoff) may be related to snowmelt runoff and the underlying surface conditions of the basins. In addition to the TRB, the mountainous regions of the other two basins had higher runoff coefficients, which indicated that the mountainous regions were more ...
Coastal ZonesSoil and WaterUrban Water ManagementWastewater Treatment and ReuseWater and Climate ChangeWater and One HealthWater Erosion and Sediment TransportWater Quality and ContaminationWater Resources Management, Policy and GovernanceWater Use and ScarcityWater-Energy NexusWater, Agriculture and Aquaculture...
(RMSE), were chosen to assess the different aspects of model performance. The KGE is particularly effective in accounting for peak runoff underestimations and low runoff overestimations, while the NSE, also known as the coefficient of efficiency, is less sensitive to extreme high values, providing...