NeurotoxicityOxidative stressApoptosisMitochondrial damageT-2 toxin is a representative trichothecene that is widely detected in corn, wheat and other grain feeds. T-2 toxin has stable physical and chemical properties, making it difficult to remove from food and feed. Hence, T-2 toxin has become ...
Neurotoxicity is not the only detrimental effect of protein aggregation in the context of neurodegenerative disease. Reactive responses may also be induced by the loss of function that accompanies the sequestration of proteins important for normal cellular function. TDP- 43 inclusions within neurons and...
45], massive bismuth use in medical treatments resulted in an unexpected epidemic of bismuth neurotoxicity in France [46,47], prompting public anxiety. Consequently, many countries have announced plans to remove bismuth from their formularies, including colloidal bismuth, so bismuth-containing...
i.t Intrathecal i.v Intravenous JNK c-Jun N-terminal kinases KCC2 K+Cl− cotransporter isoform 2 KCNQ KQT-like subfamily LTD Long-term depression LTs Leukotrienes LPA Lysophosphatidic acid MAPK mitogen-activated protein kinase MIF Macrophage migration inhibitory factor mTOR Mammalian target of rapam...
Exposure to manganese, a heavy metal, has long been linked to neurotoxicity and a Parkinson’s-like syndrome including motor, cognitive and affective dysfunction, that mechanistically involves mitochondrial dysfunction leading to bioenergetic deficit (Olanow, 2004). While manganese is an essential trace...
mutagenicity, neurotoxicity, carcinogenicity to genotoxicity [71,72]. Some pesticides like organophosphates accrue in the animal bodies even with their application in a small concentration and exposure to higher concentrations leads to the inhibition of enzymes like acetylcholinesterase that impart severe ...
In the contexts of aging, injury, or neuroinflammation, activated microglia signaling with TNF-α, IL-1α, and C1q induces a neurotoxic astrocytic phenotype, classified as A1, A1-like, or neuroinflammatory reactive astrocytes. In contrast to typical astr
2. Methodology 3. What is Tongluojiunao? 4. A little about the neuroprotective activities of TLJN major active components 5. Regulatory function of TLJN in neurovascular unit 6. TLJN prevents stress-related challenges following ischemia 7. Role of TLJN in the management of brain tissue recove...
Phosphodiesterases (PDEs) have become a promising therapeutic target for various disorders. PDEs are a vast and diversified family of enzymes that degrade
2. Search methodology 3. Sources of venom-derived peptides 4. Methods for the identification and synthesis of animal venom-derived peptide 5. Bioactivities of venom-derived synthetic peptides 6. Limitations 7. Conclusions Funding CRediT authorship contribution statement Declaration of Generative AI and...