在统计学中,简化卡方统计量(Reduced chi-squared statistic)广泛用于拟合优度检验。 它也被称为同位素测年中的均方加权偏差 (mean squared weighted deviation,MSWD) [1] 和加权最小二乘中的单位重量方差。[2][3] 其平方根称为回归标准误差(regression standard error),[4] 回归的标准误差(standard error of th...
Reduced chi-squared is a very popular method for model assessment, model comparison, convergence diagnostic, and error estimation in astronomy. In this manuscript, we discuss the pitfalls involved in using reduced chi-squared. There are two independent problems: (a) The number of degrees of ...
In my physics honours lab to check our "goodness of fit" we have to use the Chi-squared and reduced Chi-squared equations. For the Lab we use the text Bevington Data analysis and error reduction. I'm having a problem on determining whether or not my chi-squared values are good because...
"Using chi-square obtained by equation, chi-square distribution for N-M degree of freedom can be calculated using incomplete gamma function. Then this distribution gives the probability Q that the chi-squared should exceed a particular chi-square by chance" I saw the function syntax in Igor ver...
No statistical differences were found (SP Kruskal–Wallis chi-squared = 3.3456, df = 1, P value = 0.06738; CP Kruskal–Wallis chi-squared = 1.6607, df = 1, P value = 0.1975). b The left panel showcases the average distance of imports for the SP and CP of both large and ...
We extend this comparison by adding the coverage probability and length of 95% confidence intervals for ψ based on the chi-squared approximation to the distribution of the penalised log-likelihood ratio based on adjusted responses, denoted by Wa(ψ). The exact bias and variance of estimators ...
Chi-squared test was used. Pearson’s correlation or Spearman’s correlation was used to estimate the correlation between biochemical, anthropometric and clinical parameters with serum adropin levels. Additionally, multivariable logistic regression analysis of independent predictors for positive IBD status ...
Clinical characteristics between the groups were compared using t-tests for continuous measures and chi-squared tests for categorical variables. Non-parametric tests for continuous, not normally distributed variables. The Kaplan–Meier method was used to estimate the incidence of cumulative events. A Cox...
Marginal R2 (for fixed effects) and conditional R2 (for fixed effects and random effects combined) goodness-of-fit was estimated using the r.squaredGLMM function of the MuMIn package (version 1.43.6, Barton, 2019), which is based on methods by Nakagawa and Schielzeth (2013), Johnson (2014...
The sex differences of the three groups were determined by the Chi-squared test. One-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) was used to compare the differences among the three groups, and post hoc tests were used for between group comparisons. Univariate regression and stepwise multi-regression ...