Baker NE (2000) Notch signaling in the nervous system. Pieces still missing from the puzzle. Bioessays 22: 264–273 PubMed CAS Google Scholar Barakat I, Sensenbrenner M, Vincendon G (1982) The importance of cel
Bone defects combined with tumors, infections, or other bone diseases are challenging in clinical practice. Autologous and allogeneic grafts are two main traditional remedies, but they can cause a series of complications. To address this problem, researc
TGF-β signaling The TGF-β superfamily comprises over 30 members of secreted factors. The superfamily is clustered into two operative categories: the TGF-β-like and the BMP-group [30,31]. In addition, molecular investigations categorized TGF-β into three structures (TGF-β1, 2, and 3) ...
showed that BMP signaling via BMP type 1 receptor (BMPR1A; NM_004329.2) pathway in cranial neural crest cells causes premature suture fusion in mouse models.43 As a member of TGF-β family, BMPs are one of the main contributors to bone- and cartilage-forming processes. In the process of...
With a unique porous structure, PNMs can load a large amount of immunotherapy related biomolecules, deliver them in a targeted manner, modulate the tumor microenvironment and regulate the immune cell function. Although a great stride has been made to facilitate the advances in PNMs for cancer ...
spermatogenesis, progression of testicular cancer, and infertility160. These basic researches may facilitate diagnostics and therapeutics for testicular cancer and infertility, as well as development of targeted drugs, and all these advances will reduce cancer mortality and infertility morbidity in the ...
(especially Th cells), NK cells, interleukins, and mononuclear phagocytic cells (Maragkoudakis et al.2010). As another possible mechanism of probiotics for immunomodulation, they can activate IFNs signaling that cause increasing the expression of several IFN-stimulated genes translated to proteins ...
Rapid advances in epigenetic research methods and reduced costs of epigenome-wide association studies have led to a great expansion of population-based studies. The field of epigenetics and metabolic diseases such as obesity has advanced rapidly in a short period of time. The main epigenetic ...
TNFR1 intracellular death domain (DD) can combined with TNF receptor-associated death domain (TRADD) and receptor-interacting serine/threonine protein kinase 1 (RIPK1) [29, 30]. The different ubiquitination states of RIPK1 activate different downstream response signaling pathways to mediate apoptosis ...
This results in the narrowing of the valve opening and reduced blood flow. EVs engineered to carry microRNAs or drugs that target key calcification pathways, such as the Wnt/β-catenin pathway or the BMP signaling pathway, could potentially slow down or even reverse the calcification process. ...