These guidelines may spur the discovery of astrocyte-based biomarkers as well as astrocyte-targeting therapies that abrogate detrimental actions of reactive astrocytes, potentiate their neuro- and glioprotective actions, and restore or augment their homeostatic, modulatory, and defensive functions. This ...
Astrocytes, an integral component of the central nervous system (CNS), contribute to the maintenance of physiological homeostasis through their roles in synaptic function, K+buffering, blood-brain barrier (BBB) maintenance, and neuronal metabolism. Reactive astrocytes refer to astrocytes undergoing morphol...
Astrocyte reactivity is a hallmark of neuroinflammation that arises with Alzheimer’s disease (AD) and nearly every other neurodegenerative condition. While astrocytes certainly contribute to classic inflammatory processes (e.g. cytokine release, waste clearance, and tissue repair), newly emerging technolog...
To annotate astrocyte clusters, differential gene expression (DGE) analysis was performed for each astrocyte cluster versus the rest of the astrocyte nuclei. DGE analysis was conducted on denoised, normalized, natural log-transformed count data using the Wilcoxon rank-sum method with Benjamini–Hochberg...
Rather than eliciting a single response to CNS injury or insult, astrocyte reactivity is highly heterogenous. Borrowing from the nomenclature used to describe reactive macrophages and microglia, in response to tissue damage and ischemia, astrocytes adopt a neuroprotective A2 phenotype [75]. A2s fit ...
we revisit the multidimensional roles of reactive astrocytes in Alzheimer’s disease (AD), Parkinson’s disease (PD), Huntington’s disease (HD), multiple sclerosis (MS) and amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS). Furthermore, we propose a precise linkage between astrocyte subsets and their functions...
out corresponding clinical transformation [29]. The development of PET tracers for astrocytes makes the visualization of reactive astrocytes possible. PET tracer binding sites for astrocytes are shown in Fig.1. In the section, we will introduce PET radiotracers that have been developed for astrocyte....
et al. Reactive astrocyte nomenclature, definitions, and future directions. Nat. Neurosci. 24, 312–325 (2021). Article CAS PubMed PubMed Central Google Scholar Sofroniew, M. V. & Vinters, H. V. Astrocytes: biology and pathology. Acta Neuropathol. 119, 7–35 (2010). Article PubMed ...
Here, we show that in patients with temporal lobe epilepsy (TLE) and mouse models of epilepsy, excessive lipid accumulation in astrocytes leads to the formation of lipid-accumulated reactive astrocytes (LARAs), a new reactive astrocyte subtype characterized by elevated APOE expression. Genetic knock...
Reactive astrocyte nomenclature, definitions, and future directions Article 15 February 2021 Roles of neuropathology-associated reactive astrocytes: a systematic review Article Open access 13 March 2023 References Eddleston M, Mucke L (1993) Molecular profile of reactive astrocytes–implications for the...