. EPR argued that quantum mechanics was inconsistent with seemingly reasonable notions of locality and “elements of reality”. Through analysis of a gedanken experiment involving two particles with perfectly correlated position and momentum, they argued that one should be able to attribute well-defined...
Quantum mechanics/molecular mechanics (QM/MM) methods treat part of the system (e.g., the catalytic site of anenzymeand a substrate) quantum-mechanically and the rest in more approximate terms, usually similar to normal MD simulations (seeFig. 3for an illustration of the scale of QM/MM and...
At the same time, tiny quantized particles such as electrons can also be described as waves. Like a wave in the ocean in our macroscopic world – the world we can see with our eyes – waves in the quantum world are constantly shifting. In quantum mechanics, scientists talk about a particl...
A simple iterative method to write the terms of any order of perturbation theory in quantum mechanicssingularitiesFriedmann-Lemaitre-Robertson-Walkerbig bangsingular general relativityThe obvious fact that the eigenfunctions $ensuremath psi(lambda)$ of the Hamiltonian $ensuremath H(lambda)=H_0+lambda ...
Early quantum theory was significantly reformulated in the mid-1920s by Werner Heisenberg, Max Born and Pascual Jordan (matrix mechanics); Louis de Broglie and Erwin Schrodinger (wave mechanics); and Wolfgang Pauli and Satyendra Nath Bose (statistics of subatomic particles). Moreover, the Copenhage...
Speakable and Unspeakable in Quantum Mechanics (Cambridge Univ. Press, 2004). Clauser, J. F., Horne, M. A., Shimony, A. & Holt, R. A. Proposed experiment to test local hidden-variable theories. Phys. Rev. Lett. 23, 880–884 (1969). Article ADS Google Scholar Aspect, A., ...
The computational efficiency of quantum mechanics can be characterized in terms of the qubit circuit model, which is defined by a few simple properties: each computational gate is a reversible transformation in a connected matrix group; single wires carry quantum bits, i.e. states of a three-dim...
A.S. Green:Quantum Mechanics in Algebraic Representation(Springer, Berlin) Google Scholar W. Greiner,Quantum Mechanics—An Introduction(Springer, New York, 2001) MATHGoogle Scholar G. Ludwig,Foundations of Quantum Mechanics(Springer, New York, 1985) ...
Quantum secure communication, based on the basic principles of quantum mechanics, has unconditional security in theory and can provide an absolutely secure information channel for the safe transmission of the power grid production and operation data. The existing security methods of power information ...
In the discourse of quantum mechanics it is usual to say that non-commuting observables cannot have definite values at the same time, or that they cannot be simultaneously measured. But, what does the term ‘cannot’ mean in this context? Does it stand for impossible? Should Heisenberg’s ...