Height, hair color, eye color, and weight are all examples of polygenic traits. Some diseases like high blood pressure, diabetes, and asthma are regulated by multiple genes. What is polygenic inheritance? Give a
Polygenic genome editing in human embryos and germ cells is predicted to become feasible in the next three decades. Several recent books and academic papers have outlined the ethical concerns raised by germline genome editing and the opportunities that i
Single gene inheritance A number ofsingle-gene disordersdo not follow classical patterns of inheritance, Recently several molecular mechanisms have been recognized that can account forthis. Genomic imprinting Normally somegenesshow differences in expression according to the parent of o...
body mass index and height10. In isolation, trait-associated variants tend to have very small effects (less than around 1% of the trait standard deviation). However, the cumulative effect size across loci can be substantial. For complex traits, the effect of a polygenic score (the sum of ri...
It is commonly understood that siblings are more similar to each other and their parents than to unrelated individuals in the general population. Consequently there is less variation (e.g., in height or hair color) among siblings from the same family than in a group of randomly selected, unre...
The polygenic score for BMI is the best predictor of its associated outcome, followed by education and height. We interacted the PGS for each trait with birth year to predict the corresponding phenotypes in Fig. 1 (model also included main effects for both birth year and phenotype; see ...
What is the difference between Mendelian and polygenic traits? If 100 adult men stood in a line, how could you tell, just by looking, that human height is a polygenic trait? What is an autosomal trait and what is its opposite? What are Mendelian phenotypic inheritance patterns? What is the...
In ALSPAC, maternal pre-pregnancy weight and height were retrospectively reported by the women during pregnancy (at a mean gestational age of 24.7 weeks [SD 6.3]) or postnatally for 11.2% of mothers (at a mean of 22.0 weeks after birth [SD 6.7]). The reported weights correlated hi...
Present an analysis of the degree to which gender and sexuality are determined by genetic inheritance and biology and the degree to which they are socially and culturally determined. The maturation effect refers to: a) Participant ...
Non-contact anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) rupture is a common serious orthopaedic disease in humans and dogs. Familial risk has been recognized in both species but interactions between genetic effects and environmental risk are not understood. We inve