In seasonal environments, a temporal decline in breeding performance (e.g. clutch size, nestling condition, and fledging success) of altricial bird species is a well-known phenomenon. In this study, we present the effect of laying phenology on the physiological condition of nestling great tits (...
, in spite of recent advances in chemistry, through which the actual structure of many drugs has been elucidated, pharmacology is in many instances only able to describe the actions of drugs on living tissues without at present finding it possible to give the actual reasons for these actions. ...
DAG promotes insulin secretion from 尾-cell lines and enhances the portal insulin response following an intravenous glucose tolerance test in rats. In addition, DAG has been shown to inhibit in vitro hepatic glucose output, suggesting that at least part of the beneficial effect on glucose could ...
The insulin-like peptides, both locally-produced proteins as well as those transported from the circulation into the brain via the blood-brain barrier, are involved in a myriad of biological activities. These actions include, among others, neuronal survival, neurogenes, angiogenesis, excitatory and...
They have diverse functions in IGF transport, in delivery of the IGFs to their target cells and in modulating the IGFs' interactions with their receptors.关键词: Humans Insulin-Like Growth Factor I Insulin-Like Growth Factor II Insulin-Like Growth Factor Binding Proteins ...
The aim of this review is to provide a picture of the physiological actions of thyroid hormones by considering the phenotypes of these genetically modified mice. 展开 关键词: Ghrelin insulin obesity diabetes free fatty acids DOI: 10.1677/joe.0.1750553 被引量: 366 年份: 2002 ...
It has been suggested that 1,25-(OH)2D3 reinforced the 2-deoxyglucose uptake under the basal and TNF-stimulated conditions in 3T3-L1 adipocytes via modulation of insulin signaling [151]. Therefore, it has been suggested that vitamin D3 supplementation can be used to prevent the onset of ...
Cardiovascular actions and modulation of proliferation of neoplastic cells, as well as of the immune system, are other actions of ghrelin. Therefore, we consider ghrelin a gastrointestinal peptide contributing to the regulation of diverse functions of the gut-brain axis. So, there is indeed a ...
L. Regulation of the hypothalamic–pituitary–adrenal axis by cytokines: actions and mechanisms of action. Physiol. Rev. 79, 1–71 (1999). Article CAS PubMed Google Scholar Cannon, W. Organization for physiological homeostasis. Physiol. Rev. 9, 399–431 (1929). This classic theoretical ...
We discuss the structures and functions of the two IGF receptors, outline the actions of the six IGFBPs, and summarize and interpret recent studies highlighting essential roles for components of the IGF system in the growth and development of the embryo and fetus, in tissue differentiation, in ...