Phase II conjugation included cysteine, glutathione, glucuronide, and gluconic acid conjugates. Notably, one of the main metabolites formed was the cysteine conjugate CuB-Cys. CuB-Cys maintained similar in vitro antiproliferative activity to CuB on HepG2, MCF-7, and PANC-1 cancer cell lines. ...
These compounds have the required attributes for serving the function of conjugation reactants. They are present in large concentrations in cells, which is vital, because for every molecule of toxicant eliminated, a molecule of carrier must also be lost. They are nucleophiles, which means that, ...
Phase conjugation is a process where certain substances either induce or lower the activity of GST, a type of conjugation phase II enzyme, or act as substrates for this enzyme. AI generated definition based on: Food and Chemical Toxicology, 2008 ...
Increased oxidation and decreased conjugation of drugs in the liver caused by starvation. Altered metabolism of certain aromatic compounds and acetone in a well-fed state the intermediate formed in the course of phase I is converted to a conjugated compound rapidly, as a result of phase II. Howe...
Given the important role of conjugation enzymes in drug and toxicant disposition, the investigation of phase II enzyme (glutathione S-transferase [GST] and uridine diphosp- hoglucuronyl transferase [UGT]) activities is necessary to understand the risk of fetal xenobiotic exposure. The adrenal is an...
It is currently difficult to predict how polymer conjugation will affect the resulting conjugate’s overall function. Since PARIS conjugates were similar in structure and function to solution-based conjugates, an attractive feature of the flow reactor design was that high throughput synthesis would ...
PCR Array introduction:The Mouse Drug Metabolism Phase II Enzymes RT2 Profiler PCR Array contains 84 genes involved in the enzymatic processes of drug biotransformation. Phase II drug metabolism enzymes catalyze the conjugation of lipophilic compounds with hydrophilic functional groups or moieties to form...
We found that aquatic crustaceans, decapoda; atyidae ( Caridina multidentata, Neocaridina denticulate, and Paratya compressa), metabolize pyrene to a new conjugation product. The results of deconjugation treatments indicated that glucose and sulfate combined with 1-hydroxypyrene. Further analysis by LC...
The permeability barrier of nuclear pore complexes (NPCs) controls nucleocytoplasmic transport. It retains inert macromolecules but allows facilitated passage of nuclear transport receptors that shuttle cargoes into or out of nuclei. The barrier can be d
GaAs/AlGaAs double quantum wells GaAs-AlGaAs/ A7865K Optical properties of II-VI and III-V semiconductors (thin films/low-dimensional structures) A6322 Phonons in low-dimensional structures and small particles A7855 Photoluminescence (condensed matter) A4265F Optical phase conjugation A7135 Excitons ...