The mental heartbeat tracking task by Schandry is sensitive to non-interoceptive (top-down) influences, e.g., estimation of heart rate and expectation. The two studies reported here investigated the impact of t
The cues (3 × 3 cm) indicating which task had to be performed were a circle superimposed on a triangle for the round/angular task and a heart with vertical straight line for the symmetry task. Assigned response keys were “1” in case of a symmetrical or angular object and “9...
On the basis of these findings, we consider two foci to be particularly relevant in studies of task variables in problem posing: their influence on affects such as self-efficacy as well as on problem-posing outcomes, that is, the problems posed. Regarding the former, recent studies show that...
(4 possible geometric shapes, triangle, square, circle, and rectangle; 4 possible colors, red, red, yellow, and green). These two tasks are similar, but the Rapid Alternating Stimulus Task is more challenging, as it requires a continuous set-shift between the stimulus characteristics of the ...