■ Neuroimaging (MRI/CT) in children with seizures rules out life-threatening brain lesions requiring immediate medical or surgical treatment (moderate evidence).■ Magnetic resonance imaging is the neuroimaging study of choice in the workup of first unprovoked seizure (moderate evidence).■ Emergency...
History of seizure before or at the time of presentation Specific hematologic, radiographic (e.g., computed tomography [CT] and magnetic resonance imaging [MRI]), and other studies assist in diagnosis. CT and MRI may reveal ventriculomegaly and sulcal effacement (see the image below), which...
So that’s one special population with a complex febrile seizure, even two in a 24 hour period that deserves special workup. So let’s end with the last and perhaps most important question. How do we talk to families about febrile seizures? Well remember, they are scared, right? I would...
Medically refractory epilepsy:Nuclear medicine techniques are valuable in the presurgical workup of medically refractory epilepsy patients. Cerebral blood flow (CBF) SPECT and FDG PET imaging are essential exams to delineate the seizure onset zone (SOZ) required to be resected. Successful SOZ localizat...
Four of 12 patients with super-refractory status epilepticus were unexpected new-onset cases; three of these patients experienced major sequelae and one died. [24] Anencephaly is associated with variable pituitary hypoplasia and complete absence of the hypothalamus. Various forms of holoprosencephaly ...
If there still exists a reasonable hypothesis regarding the localization of the presumed epileptogenic zone, even when considering the nondiagnostic or discordant piece(s) of information, a period of invasive EEG recordings is often successful in determining seizure onset, and it can be done with ...
4 Functional neurological disorders represent up to 20% of visits to movement disorders clinics5 and 9% of inpatient admissions for neurological disorders.6 Psychogenic nonepileptic seizure (PNES), a subtype of FNDs, accounts for 20% of epilepsy center referrals and 30% to 50% of epilepsy ...
In areas with widespread vaccination of children, enteroviruses are the most common causes of viral meningitis. The onset is variable and may have several days of fever, anorexia, and general malaise. It also may present as a rather abrupt onset of fever, nausea, vomiting, and headache. ...
On the relative merits of invasive and non-invasive pre-surgical brain mapping: new tools in ablative epilepsy surgery. Epilepsy Res. 2018;142:153–5. Article Google Scholar Moosa AN, Gupta A, Jehi L, et al. Longitudinal seizure outcome and prognostic predictors after hemispherectomy in 170...
episodes usually occur about 60 to 90 minutes after sleep onset, in the cyclic transition from deep sleep to light sleep. seizures, by contrast, occur at all times of day. after a seizure stops, the child is awake and responsive. polysomnography, the gold standard for assessing sleep ...