rESWT has also been shown to exert significant therapeutic effect in male erectile disorders, facilitating blood flow in the cavernous tissue13. Angiogenesis, the process of new blood vessel formation in endothelial cells, is regulated by several signaling pathways and pro-angiogenic factors. These ...
Diabetic retinopathy (DR) is a serious and relatively under-recognized complication of diabetes. Müller glial cells extend throughout the retina and play vital roles in maintaining retinal homeostasis. Previous studies have demonstrated that TGR5, a member of the bile acid-activated GPCR family, coul...
SARS-CoV-2 infection is initiated by the binding of the receptor-binding domain (RBD) of its spike protein to the angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 (ACE2) receptor [1], which is ubiquitously and widely expressed in lung, heart, brain, kidney, blood vessels, testis, the gastrointestinal tract,...
(local spread, marginal removable) when cancer spread through the pancreas and adjacent lymph nodes; stage3 (spread widely and irremovable) when the cancer spreads to the pancreas completely and expanded to nearby blood vessels; stage4 (metastasized) when the cancer spread to the nearby and ...
Food and water were provided ad libitum over the 20 weeks, and the average consumption of water and food per cage of mice was weighed and recorded every week. After 20 weeks, venous blood was collected for immediate supernatant extraction for subsequent use, livers were harvested and weighed, ...
Also other MDD differentially expressed genes were more influenced by the EReX than by GReX. These results suggest that impact of the genetic background on MDD blood gene expression alterations is much lower than the contribution of environmental factors and almost absent for the genes of the ...
leading to a disruption in the blood supply to the TGP. Taken together, these findings reveal that the occurrence of TD is highly associated with inhibition of tibial angiogenesis through down-regulated expression of HIF-1α, VEGFA and VEGF receptors, which results in suppression of TGP developme...
Keywords: blood-brain barrier; iron; DFO; HIF2A; Ve-cadherin 1. Introduction The blood–brain barrier (BBB) is composed of the capillaries of the central nervous system (CNS) which tightly regulate the movement of molecules, ions, and cells between blood and brain [1,2]. The BBB further...
Flowchart for a systematic approach to select and characterize potential pathogenic genetic variants in children with growth and development disorders. The selection of patient(s) can be directed to individual patients, a trio including the patient and his/her parents, multiple families presenting ...
Sodium-glucose cotransporter-2 inhibitors (SGLT2is), such as empagliflozin, lower blood glucose in type 2 diabetes mellitus and improve cardiorenal outcomes regardless of diabetes presence. Whether SGLT2is exert any effects on the brain’s metabolism has not been studied. We conducted a single-arm...