COPD has become the third leading cause of death worldwide [1]. It is a severe chronic inflammatory disease of the airways and lungs characterized by incompletely reversible airflow limitation, inflammation, excessive mucus secretion and bronchial mucosal epithelial lesions [2], [3]. The bronchial...
In aerosolization, a more uniform distribution with greater extent of penetration into the peripheral or the alveolar region of the lung is achieved, but it is more costly and it is difficult to measure the exact dose deposited in the lungs. In contrast, the instillation process is much ...
Collection of BALF and differential cell count After anaesthetization, 24 h after the last challenge, the mice were euthanized by CO2; then tracheotomy was performed. Lungs were lavaged for three times with 1.0 ml aliquots of PBS via a cannulated tracheal tube (1.0 ml × 3). Afterward...
Numerous studies have shown that cigarette smoking can induce infiltration of inflammatory cells into the lung3.We found a massive infiltration of inflammatory cells in the lungs of COPD mice4. Among the inflammatory cells, a subset of CD4+T lymphocytes, called T-helper 17 (Th17) cells, produce...
Epidemiological studies have shown that ambient air pollution is closely associated with increased respiratory inflammation and decreased lung function. Particulate matters (PMs) are major components of air pollution that damages lung cells. However, the mechanisms remain to be elucidated. This study exami...
Asthma is a term that encompasses a disease spectrum with different phenotypes that vary inseverity and whose common characteristic is airflow limitation. Allergic asthma is the mostcommon phenotype of asthma and is characterized by allergen induced inflammatoryresponses, airway hyperresponsiveness (AHR),...
Airway remodeling is a key characteristic of chronic asthma, particularly in patients with a fixed airflow limitation. The mechanisms underlying airway remodeling are poorly understood, and no therapeutic option is available. The Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway is involved in various physiological and ...
dose STZ treatment regimen. Echocardiography provided a measure of heart function. Through immunohistological analyses, the investigation delved into the mechanisms of adverse structural remodeling within the myocardium, specifically examining advanced glycation end products, fibrosis, cell death, and ...
Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) comprises multiple phenotypes such as airflow obstruction, emphysema, and frequent episodes of acute worsening of respiratory symptoms, known as exacerbations. The goal of this pilot study was to test the usef
N-Acetylcysteine (NAC) is a mucolytic and antioxidant drug that may also influence several inflammatory pathways [23]. The increased GSH in lungs of COPD patients could antagonize the excessive oxidants. NAC is the precursor of intracellular-reduced GSH [24] and it could be transported into cells...