法文<>中译本Pain 使用Frantastique查询法语翻译和词汇。 提升您的法语并免费试用我们的在线法语课程。 测试您的法语免费试用, 无购买义务 le pain:面包nom masculin le pain grillé:烤面包nom masculin "Vous rêvez d’une baguette plus légère, plus croustillante et sanspain?" ...
Middle English, from Anglo-French peine, from Latin poena, from Greek poinē payment, penalty; akin to Greek tinein to pay, tinesthai to punish, Avestan kaēnā revenge, Sanskrit cayate he revenges First Known Use Noun 14th century, in the meaning defined at sense 5 Verb 14th century, ...
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Methods A sample of French-speaking nurses (n = 147) from Quebec and France working in neonatal intensive care was selected to validate the 46-item questionnaire. A French translation of the NAPPAQ, which includes Part I and II, was undertaken prior to its administration. The FIPM ...
The Neurophysiology of Pain Questionnaire (NPQ) was developed in English to assess pain physiology knowledge in patients. This study aimed to translate the NPQ into French (NPQ-Fr) and to investigate the main psychometric properties of the NPQ-Fr. The translation was performed using the best ...
The commonsense view of pain is that it arises from damage to the body. This attitude was formalised in the seventeenth century by the French philosopher René Descartes with his ‘rope-pull’ model of pain: just as pulling a rope in a church steeple rings a bell, Descartes thought that da...
Animal models of pain are crucially important for progress in the field, but the poor translation record of pain research has led to a re-evaluation of the appropriateness of current models. The accuracy and relevance of data obtained using current animal pain assays can be improved by choosing...
Middle English, from Anglo-Frenchpeine, from Latinpoena, from Greekpoinēpayment, penalty; akin to Greektineinto pay,tinesthaito punish, Avestankaēnārevenge, Sanskritcayatehe revenges First Known Use Noun 14th century, in the meaning defined atsense 5 ...
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