Oxidative phosphorylation (OXPHOS) consists of a sequence of reactions by which energy from electron donors is transduced to generation of a proton motive force that culminates in the synthesis of ATP. From: Cu
Free Radical Biology & MedicineStockl P , Zankl C , Hutter E , Unterluggauer H , Laun P , Heeren G , Bogengruber E , Herndler-Brandstetter D , Breitenbach M , Jansen-Durr P ( 2007 ) Partial uncoupling of oxidative phosphorylation induces premature senescence in human fibroblasts and ...
Toward this end, and based on our previous work demonstrating the metabolic differences that exist between PaCSCs and non-PaCSCs, we describe herein a long-term and sustained cell culture system enriched in PaCSCs based on forced oxidative phosphorylation (OXPHOS), defined by electron transport ...
Hedgehog-induced oxidative phosphorylation significantly enhances the survival and differentiation capacity of patient cells. In sum, we define various factors associated with Hirschsprung pathogenesis and demonstrate the implications of oxidative phosphorylation in enteric neural crest development and HSCR ...
phosphorylation (in R12af) to produce the observed feedback inhibition of IRS1. In the rate law, an offset to the mass-action dependence on PIP3 was used to give zero Akt/PKC activation below the basal PIP3 level (parameter pip3_basal; see Additional file1). Glucose uptake is proxied ...
6. Mitochondria are the primary cellular source of reactive oxygen species (ROS) that arise as byproducts of mitochondrial oxidative phosphorylation. At high levels, ROS can cause detrimental effects by oxidizing cellular components such as proteins, lipids and nucleic acids, and prolonged ROS ...
Mitochondria are important organelles in cells. They can generate ATP through the process of oxidative phosphorylation and are known as the energy production machinery for cells [46]. Mitochondria also have their own genomes that encode polypeptides involved in energy production [47]. Mitochondrial DNA...
ROS influence cell cycle progression in a context-dependent manner via phosphorylation and ubiquitination of CDKs and cell cycle regulatory molecules [205]. Furthermore, ROS can activate growth factor receptors essential for metabolic needs in cell division [176]. It has been shown that ROS are ...
These effects cannot be ascribed to Aβ toxicity, since higher levels of endogenous Aβ in our models do not cause oxidative phosphorylation (OXPHOS) perturbations. Similarly, chemical inhibition of β-secretase decreased mitochondrial respiration, suggesting that non-amyloidogenic processing of APP may...
As a result of S36 phosphorylation, p66Shc translocates to the mitochondria where it promotes increased ROS production, release of cytochrome-c and induction of apoptosis38,39,40. In the context of AD, recent studies have shown that Aβ exposure can promote S36 phosphorylation and activation of...