where n is the solute’s refractive index and a is the cavity radius; ε is the dielectric constant of solvent; μ0 is the solute’s gas-phase dipole moment in the ground state. For Rh800, the refractive index could be estimated as n = 1.5 (similar to benzonitrile n = 1.528...
where ε is the solvent dielectric constant, η is the refractive index, R is the nanotube radius, and L is a fluctuation factor. The proportionality constant c varies only with the solvent or matrix properties around the solvated SWCNTs. This relationship can quantitatively describe Eii of SWCNT...
The optical hysteresis is tuned by controlling the ion-pairing affinity between various anions and the protonated pyridinium ions on the P2VP block, which is highly dependent on the hydration energy of the ions, the dielectric constant of the solvent, and the ionic strength of the medium. The ...
Human life is inextricably bound to light. Developments in science and technology have increased the popularity of artificial light and diversified the use of sunlight. Applications of artificial lighting are increasing at a rate of 6% per year1,2,3. Simultaneously, laser technology has developed ra...
(i.e., 180–260nm), whereas if an aromatic chromophore was being studied, this would be in the near-UV region (i.e., 240–320nm) and will need much more sample (>10mg) due to its smaller extinction coefficient (Beer–Lambert law). The choice of solvent is important, particularly ...
A universal form is proposed for the position in energy of the maximum EAmax of the optical absorption of solvated electrons in a wide range of dipolar solvents. Following earlier work of one of us (GRF), the independent variable F in EAmax(F) depends solely on solvent properties and ...
To study the sensitive optical response of C60, different solvents were selected that had similar chemical structure and polarity; these were toluene and xylene. Moreover, to study the polarity effect, another solvent with a slightly higher polarity compared to toluene and xylene was chosen; this ...
Based on this principle, we report two schemes of measuring varying concentration of solvent by measuring output response through intensity interrogation. In the first case, we use evanescent field by exposing certain portion of a cladding to varying concentration of fossil fuels. In ...
One of the most common solvent-based strippable coatings that has proven to be very effective in precision cleaning of optical components is collodion. Collodion is a nitrocellulose, ethyl alcohol and ether solution that has been around since 1846[4–6]. Collodion is currently manufactured by seve...
So, for this range the dielectric constant of the protein does not reveal an essential frequency dependence and can be taken as ϵ1 = 3.66 (see Fig. 4), which is important for many applications. Interestingly, despite the structural complexity, the protein polymer collagen demonstrates similar...