你好，open system 是强调与外界相关联，比如说inventory，存货的更新与外界相关联。closed system 是独立于外界环境，不受外界环境影响也不影响外界环境。e.x.会计系统，IT部门
在您的计算机也许有一个问题与一个或更多窗口系统文件或文件夹[translate] awhether a system is open or closed,four fundamental steps are required for a control process 系统是否是开放或闭合的,四基本步为控制过程需要[translate]
An automated method (300) and system (200) generates a specification or construction of a building (1700) based upon a floor plan (100), and using modular elements (10, 60, 94, 96) selected from a predetermined set of modular lement type... T Madsen,RG Bailey,NT Southwell - US 被引...
These models become the basis for explanations of organizational events, and they can be broadly classified as closed systems or open systems depending on their starting pre- sumption (Thompson, 1967). The closed-system models tend to focus on internal 27 28 O ADMINISTRATION AND MANAGEMENT IN ...
[translate] awill check again in 60 seconds 在60秒再将检查[translate] aTeen Fucks 青少年的交往[translate] aThe outdoor piping system can be either an open system or closed loop. 室外管道系统的系统可以一开放式系统或闭环。[translate]
This allows us to compute the compositional evolution of the gas phase during either open or closed system degassing and to compare it with the measured ... N Spilliaert,N Métrich,P Allard - 《Earth & Planetary Science Letters》 被引量: 239发表: 2006年 The behaviour of boron in a peralu...
We discuss how each governance form, whether open or closed, is composed of a set of instruments that access (a) different types of communication channels for knowledge sharing, (b) different types of incentives, and (c) different types of property rights for appropriating value from innovation...
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In following the Open Closed Principle, I want to be able to write a class or a method and then turn my back on it, comfortable that it does its job and I won't have to go back and change it. You'll never reach true Open Closed nirvana, but you can inch much closer ...
Tracheal suctioning costs are higher with a closed tracheal suction system (CTSS) than with an open system (OTSS), due to the need for complete daily change as recommended by the manufacturer. However, is it necessary to change the closed system daily? To evaluate the tracheal suctioning cos...