The connections between the phenomenological dielectric coefficients of closed and open systems are found. It is shown that, in the absence of any residual zero field polarization, the static linear dielectric constant in an open system is equal to that in the corresponding closed system. In ...
2 O Open Versus Closed Systems Learning Objectives Upon completion of this chapter, students should be able to do the following: ! Define closed-system models—scientific management, administrative management, and bureaucratic management ! Define open-system models—total quality management model and ...
Open source versus closed source: software quality in monopoly and competitive markets The open source model of software development has received substantial attention in the industry and popular media; nevertheless, critics frequently conten... Raghunathan, S,Prasad, A,Mishra, B.K,... - IEEE Tran...
Effect of Closed Versus Open Suction System on the Occurrence of Ventilator Associated Pneumonia in Neonates Clearance of secretions is mandatory in mechanically ventilated neonates, because accumulation of secretions may lead to airway occlusion and serious physi... G Khamis,OG Waziry,H Ghazal,... ...
Thus our focus is on the respective benefits and costs of disparate open and closed forms of governance. In short, when should firms use specific open forms of governance versus when should they use alternative, more closed forms?4 Scholars have indeed begun to address these, more comparative,...
Comparison of a Closed (Trach Care MAC) With an Open Endotracheal Suction System in Small Premature Infants. OBJECTIVE: To determine whether ventilated, low birth weight infants treated with closed versus open tracheal suction in a neonatal intensive care unit (NI... Cordero,Leandro,Sananes,......
Fly versus mosquito When the two species are more distantly related, the only means of detecting large-scale similarity is through compari- sons on the amino acid level. One example of this phenome- non arose during our comparison of the genomes of the malaria mosquito, Anopheles gambiae, and...
A lot of the open versus closed debate today really comes down to a second kind of issue that has little or nothing to do with open source. It’s about how easy it is to tinker with, or alter, commercial products. Most people who buy smartphones and laptops have no interest in ...
We hypothesized that keeping one's balance with eyes open in the dark is different and more difficult than eyes closed because the brain continues to process visual inputs in the dark when the eyes are open. On the other hand, when the eyes are closed, the visual system does not signal ...
Figure3 shows the spatially averaged throughput for zone F a , F b , F i , and F o versus FAP–MBS distance for a different number of femtocells. Here, the system parameters in Table1 are used. For the zone F o , we show two results T o CA (closed access) and T o OA (ope...