Cultured retinal neuronal cells and Mller cells both show net production of lactateRetinal energy metabolismGlycolysisSubstrate utilizationGlucoseLactateMetabolic coupling hypothesisCultured retinal glia and neuronsLactic acid dehydrogenaseGlucose has long been considered the substrate for energy metabolism in the...
MCT1 is typically expressed in cell types that import lactate as a substrate for oxidative phosphorylation, such as heart cells and red skeletal muscle, whereas MCT4 is predominantly expressed in cells that export excess lactate as a waste product of glycolysis, such as white skeletal muscle ...
The inhibition of GAPDH affects the glycolysis pathway and increases fatty acid synthesis. This increased synthesis of fatty acids activates diacyl glycerol in the cell membrane, which is a potent activator of protein kinase C (PKC). Increased PKC promotes synthesis of NADPH oxidase, super oxide an...
Apart from being involved in diabetic complications, AR also plays several other physiological roles, which include (1) the production of intermediates facilitating the production of AGE precursors; (2) a process that diverts glucose from glycolysis and glucose oxidation; (3) participation in the me...
Acetate Improves the Killing of Streptococcus pneumoniae by Alveolar Macrophages via NLRP3 Inflammasome and Glycolysis-HIF-1α Axis. Frontiers in Immunology 2022; 13 doi: 10.3389/fimmu.2022.773261 219 Takashi Tanikawa, Masashi Kitamura, Yasuhiro Hayashi, Natsumi Tomida, Akemi Uwaya, Fumiyuki Isami, ...