The scalene musculature (including the posterior scalene) can fatigue during a repeated respiratory effort, particularly in patients suffering from chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. These contractile districts are often over-stimulated and hypertonic compared to those in comparison with healthy subjects. ...
Intrinsic laryngeal muscles are confined within the larynx and are primarily responsible for controlling sound production by adjusting the vocal cords' tension, length, and position. The primary intrinsic muscles include the cricothyroid, thyroarytenoid, lateral and posterior cricoarytenoid, and interar...
2006. Structural and functional anatomy of the neck musculature of the dog (Canis familiaris). J Anat 208:331-351.Sharir A, Milgram J, Shahar R (2006) Structural and functional anatomy of the neck musculature of the dog (Canis familiaris). J Anat 208, 331- 351....
The bladder neck refers to the lowest part of the bladder where the posterior and inferolateral surfaces of the bladder meet. From:Surgery (Oxford),2016 About this page Set alert Chapters and Articles You might find these chapters and articles relevant to this topic. ...
a posterior portion – comprising the cervical vertebral column, the cervical segment of the spinal cord and the postvertebral musculature; an anterior portion – which includes the prevertebral musculature draped in prevertebral fascia, in front of which lies the centrally located visceral compartment...
(Down syndrome, Arnold–Chiari malformation, Marfan syndrome, etc.), or the use of intoxicants. Examine the neck for the following: tenderness in the posterior midline, step-off, crepitus, and paraspinous tenderness. A neurologic examination should focus on blood pressure, heart rate, ...
We identified significant shifts in the rate of total neck evolution at nodes and branches (i.e. those with a posterior probability of > 50%) and mapped them onto the phylogeny (Fig.3A) alongside separate ecological stochastic character maps for dietary and foraging guilds (Fig.3B, C)....
(upper, middle, lower cervical spine) has been shown by the close relationship of vertebral shape and the underlying Hox gene anterior-posterior pattern (see above; reviewed in Böhmer2017). The global validity of this modularity was proven for extant tree sloths too, which represent two of ...
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The facial nerve provides motor control to the facial expression muscles, posterior digastric muscle belly, stylohyoid, and stapedius. Upon emerging from the temporal bone, the facial nerve travels through the parotid gland, separating the deep and superficial lobes, and continues distally beneath the...