The extent of sarcopenia judged by the muscle/bone ratio was approximately twice that determined when normalising to height squared. These data suggest that the muscle/bone ratio captures the intra-individual loss of muscle mass during ageing, and that the age-related loss of muscle mass may be...
Relationships between muscularity and muscle to bone ratio were investigated for beef carcasses of several breeds and crosses, and three genders using data from Bristol and Alberta. Side dissection data in terms of muscle, fat and bone weights were used to calculate muscle to bone ratios (MtoB)...
When the covariate was added to the model and the odds ratio changed by at least 10%, the covariates were deemed needed to be adjusted [40]. In the association analyses, the E-DII was first analyzed as a continuous variable and then classified into three groups (tertiles) to facilitate ...
Purpose: The purpose of this study was to examine the relationship between objectively determined physical activity (pedometer counted steps per day) and body composition variables in middle-aged women. Methods: Height, weight, body fat percentage (%BF), waist circumference, and hip circumference wer...
It has recently been reported that oestrogen replacement may preserve the ratio of muscle strength to cross-sectional area in the hand in addition to its beneficial effect on bone mass in postmenopausal women. Since muscle strength is associated with falls and fractures in elderly people, this addi...
The way the force output of muscle scales with size helps explain the apparently outsizedstrengthof an ant. Whereas a human may struggle to lift ⅓ to ½ of his or herbody weight, ants appear to carry loads of up to 10 times their body weight with ease. Does the ant have much mor...
Pietrains had a particularly high muscle:bone ratio (6·2 at the mean side weight) compared with Large White (5·2) and Iron Age pigs (5·3). The difference in carcass composition between entire males and females was breeddependent. Entire male carcasses were slightly leaner overall and ...
It is suggested that cytokines derived from both tissues may have an important role in maintaining an adequate ratio of skeletal muscle to fat and thus may play an important role in the control of body weight. IL-15 (a cytokine highly-expressed in skeletal muscle), TNF-α, and leptin ...
A reduced ratio of dietary carbohydrate to protein improves body composition and blood lipid profiles during weight loss in adult women. J Nutr. 2003;133:411–7. CAS PubMed Google Scholar Reaven GM. The insulin resistance syndrome: definition and dietary approaches to treatment. Annu Rev Nutr....
Bioprinting allows for customization of spatial organization and can be used to create microchannels that promote vascularization for efficient oxygen and nutrient delivery [8,28]. Achieving adequate printing fidelity, defined by the ratio of the nozzle diameter to the filament diameter, is essential fo...