While mechanical stimulation is known to regulate a wide range of biological processes at the cellular and tissue levels, its medical use for tissue regeneration and rehabilitation has been limited by the availability of suitable devices. Here we present
Based on the spatiotemporal actuation of muscle-like hydrogels that response anisotropically to light at a high speed and a large amplitude, we have developed a design of soft robots with the capability of versatile locomotion. By multi-step electrical orientation and photolithographic polymerization, ...