79. Kymographs were build using Multi Kymograph macro from ImageJ/FIJI 3. We drew a line ROI from the middle of muscle 6, encompassing the imaged segments (A2–A4), and plotted this profile for all slices in the videos (corresponding to 1 min in each video). In the kymographs, as...
Comparison of inhibitory motoneuron supplies in,adecapod crustacean,bhexapod walking legs and scorpion inhibitory motoneurons (c). Thorax and walking leg of crab (a)and locust (b) are outlined at thetop, respectively, with leg articles labelled. The corresponding pairs of antagonistic muscles are ...
Cells (red dots) in each cluster were labelled using the markers listed below each representative inverted image of a DAPI-stained cortical column. DAPI, 4′,6-diamidino-2-phenylindole. h, ISH-estimated frequencies (mean ± s.d.) of homologous clusters (ESR1, n = 3; LINC01202, n = 4;...
given by\({\Delta }_{i}^{{{\rm{CB}}}\left(t\right)\)is represented in the delta epoch, the period of time for each neuron in which the reinforcement learning error signal occurs, of the P-cell population that fired at the time of interest39. We estimated the ...
The issue of whether the anti-Nogo-A antibody treatment can contribute to rescue cells from elimination after axotomy could not be addressed here as there was no CS neuron loss, even in the control antibody treated monkeys. The absence of CS cell loss after cervical lesion contrasts with the...
To alleviate these deficits, we developed a neuroprosthesis operating in closed loop that targets the dorsal root entry zones innervating lumbosacral segments to reproduce the natural spatiotemporal activation of the lumbosacral spinal cord during walking. We first developed this neuroprosthesis in a non...
Sensitive and objective biomarkers of neuronal injury, degeneration, and regeneration can help facilitate translation of experimental findings into clinical testing. Whereas measures of upper motor neuron connectivity have been readily established, funct
The issue of whether the anti-Nogo-A antibody treatment can contribute to rescue cells from elimination after axotomy could not be addressed here as there was no CS neuron loss, even in the control antibody treated monkeys. The absence of CS cell loss after cervical lesion contrasts with the...
(e.g. by cooling) found no effect upon spontaneous activity, and were generally consistent with the formulation that backward input might alter the way in which a neuron would respond to its forward, driving input, but did not influence activity in the absence of that driving input, nor ...
Full size image R2/R4 ring neurons integrate increasing temperature cues Ring neuron-specific Ca2+influx has been used as a proxy to measure their neuronal activity in response to an external sensory cue35. Thus, we carried out ex vivo activity-related GCaMP Ca2+-imaging54of ring neurons in ...