Intriguingly, amyloid-β was the first peptide associated with neurodegeneration to be shown to activate NLRP3 and promote the production and release of pro-inflammatory cytokines104. These processes appear to be driven by the lysosomal protease cathepsin B. Indeed, during the phagocytosis of amyloid...
In 1959, a close connection between mitochondria and the ER was initially discovered. Ten years later, the continuity between the ER and mitochondria was confirmed through electron microscopy. Moving forward to 1973, the first isolation of an ER–mitochondria contact site was achieved using a crude...
First, 2-[4-(4-triphenylphosphoniobutoxy) phenyl]-1,2-benzisoselenazol-3(2H)-one iodide (MitoPeroxidase) was designed. Its co-delivery with ebselen reduced mitochondrial oxidative stress and then sequentially decreased oxidative stress-induced apoptosis117. Second, a superoxide (O2\vskip-3pt•...
The behavior of the mitochondria was followed in normal and experimentally induced abnormal divisions of grasshopper spermatocytes by phase microscopy, with particular reference to the formation of a cleavage furrow. By acriflavine-treatment the movement of the chromosomes to the poles is inhibited, whi...
THE participation of a cytochrome oxidase system in salt respiration and salt accumulation was first suggested by Lundegrdh 1 . Robertson and Wilkins 2 presented quantitative evidence which was consistent with the hypothesis that the mechanism of accumulation depends on the cytochrome system. Recent stud...
To study the effect of PEG-IR780@Ce6 in inducing reactive ROS in SDT, the generation of singlet oxygen (1O2), peroxide hydrogen (H2O2), and hydroxyl radical (OH) was first measured. Fig. 2.d shows the 1O2 generation capacity of free Ce6, PEG-IR780, and PEG-IR780@Ce6 using ...
The second sarcolemma-associated site of NADPH diaphorase staining was found as bundles of longitudinal-orientated stripes of hitherto unidentified origin. The non-sarcolemma-associated production of formazan was likewise manifested at two sites: the first was found regularly in longitudinal sections as ...
remove the dish. Subsequently, the cellular shape on the undersurface of resin-embedded cells was observed by SEM at a high acceleration voltage for relocation. The same region in light microscopy and electron microscopy analyses was reconstructed by FIB-SEM tomography at a high spatial resolution....
The greatest alteration was observed by the decrease of 85% on complex IV activity at 30 min of exposure, which returned to control values after 180 min of exposure. It is concluded that even when wood smoke exposure induces severe mitochondrial respiration alterations at the first 30 min, it...
Physicians noted that SIRS and sepsis had many of the same symptoms, and both conditions showed clinical similarities. But what was the physiological basis for these similarities? At first glance, the two conditions seem to be very different. In SIRS, the inflammatory response — the body's def...