OE is found in all species of milkweed, but isn’t a problem with natives because the leaves are only desirable to caterpillars in the early stages of growth. Once the plant goes dormant in winter and loses its leaves, OE is no longer a threat. But with tropical milkweed, the leaves ...
The total number of sensilla on the 2 flagellar segments of an antenna increases with negative allometry during the 5 nymphal stages from a mean of 239 in the first instar to 2462 in the last. At this point, this allometric growth pattern is sharply broken by distinct numerical increase to...
When two life stages of the same herbivore damage different plant parts sequentially, there is strong potential for plants to respond with induced plant defence against the later attacker. Alternatively, the earlier attacker could manipulate the host plant to facilitate the later-feeding life stage. ...
After 24 h, the JB had damaged 1.7 ± 1.1, 11.6 ± 9.3, and 45.1 ± 8.0% of the individual buds or flowers on umbels of those developmental stages, respectively (F2,9 = 11.7; P < 0.005). Milkweeds are remarkable in their floral complexity and means by ...
Posttranscriptional knockdown ofDnmt1transcripts impacted the maternal somatic gonad and egg maturation. The follicular epithelial cells undergo multiple rounds of mitosis during oogenesis [36]. Oocytes that were in the early stages of maturation would be the most affected, as their follicular epithelium...
(Fig.2). The total number of leaf splotch mines represented the abundance of the milkweed leaf-mining fly. Eggs, caterpillars, chrysalises, and butterflies (i.e., all life stages) contributed towards Monarch butterfly abundance. In 2021, we repeated the surveys of three species: the Monarch...
Thus, Vvl functions as a critical regulator of hormone biosynthesis throughout all developmental stages of O. fasciatus. Our study demonstrates that Vvl is a critical transcription factor involved in JH and ecdysteroid biosynthesis in both hemimetabolous and holometabolous insects. Graphical abstract ...
In fact, it was one of the first insect species to be functionally in- vestigated by RNA interference (RNAi, [27]). RNAi in Oncopeltus is highly effective across different life history stages, which has led to a resurgence of experimental work over the past 15 years, with a particular ...
Here we examine how tropical milkweed exposure during larval and adult stages influences the induction and maintenance of reproductive diapause. If tropical milkweed as a larval diet limits the induction of reproductive diapause, then monarch larvae fed tropical (versus native) milkweed will be more...
Different letters indicate significantly different pairwise caparisons of mean egg counts (plus signs) between life stages. We set 𝛼α = 0.05 On rare occasions, we observed queen butterfly females actively ovipositing on Mojave milkweed host plants. On each occasion, the female oviposited a...