Wesolowska A, Kwiatkowska A, Slomnicki L, Dembinski M, Master A, Sliwa M, Franciszkiewicz K, Chouaib S, Kaminska B (2008) Microglia-derived TGF-beta as an important regulator of glioblastoma invasion—an inhibition of TGF-beta-dependent effects by shRNA against human TGF-beta type II ...
Zhou, X., Zoller, T., Krieglstein, K., Spittau, B., 2015. TGFbeta1 inhibits IFNgamma- mediated microglia activation and protects mDA neurons from IFNgamma- driven neurotoxicity. J. Neurochem. 134, 125-134.Zhou, X., Zoller, T., Krieglstein, K., et al., 2015. TGFβ1 in- hi...
Tgfb1: Transforming growth factor beta-1 NF-kb: Nuclear factor kb Igfr1: Insulin like growth factor 1 receptor Fgf: Fibroblast growth factor P2ry12: Purinergic Receptor P2Y12 Ccl2: CC motif chemokine ligand 2 OCT: Optimal cutting temperature HBSS: Hanks’ Balanced Salt Solution ...
Microglial bipolarization and proangiogenic TGFβ1 signaling are closely linked to the stiffness of the respective retinal layers. Increasing stiffness in hydrogels in vitro directly induces microglial polarization and a reduction in TGFβ1, which in turn is responsible for vascular restriction in vivo....
ganglion cell layers;IPL,inner plexiform layer;INL,inner nuclear layer;OPL,outer plexiform layer;ONL,outer nuclear layer;RPE,retinal pigment epithelium;VEGF,vascular endothelial growth factor;VEGFR,VEGF receptor;TGFβ,transforming growth factor β;TGFβR,TGFβ receptor; HIF-1α, hypoxia-inducible ...
Tgfb1: Transforming growth factor beta-1 NF-kb: Nuclear factor kb Igfr1: Insulin like growth factor 1 receptor Fgf: Fibroblast growth factor P2ry12: Purinergic Receptor P2Y12 Ccl2: CC motif chemokine ligand 2 OCT: Optimal cutting temperature ...
The results showed that only transforming growth factor beta (TGF-β) caused an increase in the in vitro proliferation of both microglial cell lines. It has been reported that colony-stimulating factor 1 promotes the proliferation of microglia, while TGF-β promotes both proliferation and inhibition...
Microglial features in steady-state. In steady-state, microglia are maintained via paracrine colony-stimulating factor-1 receptor (CSF1R) signaling and via autocrine transforming growth factor-β (TGFβ) signaling. The two pathways endow a unique homeostatic feature of microglia, characterized by high...
beta (TGF-β) signaling is required for the development of microglia during the embryonic stage8. Specifically, a cleverly designed “CNS-specific”Tgfb1knockout (KO) mouse model was developed by overexpressing theTgfb1gene in T-cells (via an Il-2 promoter) in a globalTgfb1KO mouse model,...
(TGF)-β-dependent manner (Norden et al, 2014). Aging was associated with reduced IL-10 receptor on aged astrocytes that resulted in a failure to resolve microglia activation in the aged brain (Norden et al, 2016). Overall, these findings indicate that increased immune reactivity to systemic...