the integrity of the intestinal barrier [14]. Interestingly, TNFSF15 encoding the TLA1 protein is identified in both Crohn´s disease and IBS [15, 16•], underlining the pos- sibility of common pathways in these diseases. Cells of the immune system have specific receptors, for ...
Low-grade inflammation is the hallmark of metabolic disorders such as obesity, type 2 diabetes and nonalcoholic fatty liver disease. Emerging evidence indicates that these disorders are characterized by alterations in the intestinal microbiota compositio
IgG was also shown to be transported from the blood stream to the intestinal lumen by FcRn in adult mice. Illustrations were created with BioRender (https://biorender.com/). Supplementary information Supplementary Figure 1 | Uncropped blots Figure 4e: Bacterial lysates blot with sera of pups ...
To clarify the role of lactic-acid-producing bacteria (LAB) on intestinal stem-cell (ISC)-mediated epithelial development, we fed mice with LAB-type symbionts such as Bifidobacterium and Lactobacillus spp. Here we show that administration of LAB-type symbionts significantly increased expansion of ...
There is considerable interest in the effects of the intestinal microbiota (IM) composition, its activities in relation with the metabolism of dietary subs
Using a mouse model in which young mice are simultaneously exposed to antibiotics and a high-fat (HF) diet, we show that Lactobacillus species, predominant members of the small intestine (SI) microbiota, regulate intestinal epithelial cells (IECs) to limit diet-induced obesity during early life....
The role of gut bacteria in controlling the activity of intestinal IDO1 has been well established in germ-free mice [9]. Additionally, some gut bacteria encode enzymes homologous to the eukaryotic Kyn pathway and are therefore capable of producing Kyn and downstream metabolites such as 3-hydroxy...
Similarly, the presence of gut microbiota members in lithogenic bile[6, 7] could be an indication of increased intestinal permeability during biliary obstruction[8], which then may contributing to increased inflammatory response and stone formation[5]. Such an association is not illogical— recent ...
intestinal microbiota and the host. Bacterial cells by far outnumber the host cells, harbor millions of genes and form a community termed the microbiome. Through expression of this amount of genes they can execute numerous enzymatic reactions that the host is not able to catalyze. As a consequen...
The composition of the gut microbiota has recently been associated with health and disease, particularly with obesity. Some studies suggested a higher proportion of Firmicutes and a lower proportion of Bacteroidetes in obese compared to lean people; othe