Blood-brain barrierLymphatic systemBrain drainage and clearanceThis seems to be the time to gain new knowledge about the meningeal lymphatic system and a deeper understanding of its anatomy and physiology. Although it is known that the meningeal lymphatics present in the layers of the brain, ...
The CNS is protected by layers of cells that are collectively referred to as the meninges. Far from being an inert connective tissue, emerging data indicate that the meninges serve as an interface with the periphery and actively contribute to CNS homeostasis and immunity. The meningeal layers have...
14.Between the fibrous layer and the bone the meningeal vessels ramify; and along certain lines the two layers split to form channels in which run the cranial venous sinuses. 15.The diameter of the meningeal lymphatic vessels decreases, causing decreased waste clearance by this route. ...
1 This concept was proposed more than half a century ago based on the experimental findings that foreign tissue grafts including tumors in the brain parenchyma were not rejected by the immune system of the host.2,3 Indeed, the CNS has unique anatomical features such as the blood–brain ...
Direct antigen application was required to evoke a local inflammatory response in the dura. Together, our data demonstrate an uneven involvement of the meningeal layers in CNS autoimmunity, in which effector T cell trafficking and activation are functionally confined to the leptomeninges, while the ...
In mammalian organisms, the meninges wrap around the entire CNS tissue, encompassing the brain and the spinal cord, and are composed of three distinct layers: the innermost layer, known as the pia mater, the arachnoid (mostly acellular and linked to the pia via trabeculae), and the outermost...
The cranial dura mater is the most superficial of the three meningeal layers and covers the entire brain down to the foramen magnum, where it is continuous with the spinal dura mater. The cranial dura mater is a tough, fibrous, two-layer structure with the outer or periosteal...
In mammalian organisms, the meninges wrap around the entire CNS tissue, encompassing the brain and the spinal cord, and are composed of three distinct layers: the innermost layer, known as the pia mater, the arachnoid (mostly acellular and linked to the pia via trabeculae), and the outermost...
The dura, arachnoid and pia mater, as the constituent layers of the meninges, along with cerebrospinal fluid in the subarachnoid space and ventricles, are essential protectors of the brain and spinal cord. Complemented by immune cells, blood vessels, lymphatic vessels and nerves, these connective ...
To investigate whether meningeal lymphatic drainage function is impacted by TBI, we employed a mild closed-skull model of TBI that uses a stereotaxic electromagnetic impactor to deliver a single hit to the right inferior temporal lobe in the piriform region of the brain. This model is ideal for...