In the backdrop of this question, the chapter examines some dominant principle-based ethical theories, both Western and Indian, in the context of individual and institutional morality. Beginning with individual morality, Immanuel Kant's absolutist conception of duty is contrasted with the relativistic ...
For example, while it is often recognised that ‘classes’ can in principle obtain a higher share of surplus, their means-ends problem (“How can a higher share be obtained? What are the constraints?”) is seldom posed as such, let alone investigated. 1 Second, the analysis can be ...
We have tried to show the relation of moral decisions to moral principles. But every moral argument that ends in a decision must be supported not only by the principle but also by a factual or empirical premise without which the connection between abstract principle and concrete act could never...
by stipulation,theonlypossible way to save five innocent lives is to murder one innocent person, and this murder iscertainto save the five lives. "There's a train heading to run over five innocent people, who you can't possibly warn to jump out of the way, but you can...
"In sum, it is difficult to apply the ends, ways, and means paradigm of strategy to information age security. Unlike traditional means, knowledge is relatively cheap and easy to balance with ends and ways. Unlike conventional ways, cyberwar defies the military principle of mass. And its prima...
The principle that the end justifies the means is in individualist ethics regarded as the denial of all morals. In collectivist ethics it becomes necessarily the supreme rule. —Friedrich August von Hayek 15 Means To An End Quotes If we desire a society without discrimination, then we must not...
In effect‚ the phrase is a justification for dispensing with all morality and principle in the passage towards a successful conclusion. The Greek writer Sophocles wrote in Electra 409 BC “the end excuses any evil." This was a thought later considered‚ by the Roman poet Ovid‚ ‘the ...
Which of the following concepts directly contradicts the principle of moral relativism? A) utilitarianism B) universalism C) egoism D) agnosticism E) atheism Which of the following is not one of the key ethical approaches to...
Cooper's criticism, on the other hand, is based on the belief that Congress and the Supreme Court have breached their duty to adhere to the intent of the Framers. For him, the Framers' intent is the guiding principle of constitutional interpretation; even if we are better off with a ...
A microstructure-dependent nonlinear third-order beam theory which accounts for through-thickness power-law variation of a two-constituent material is developed using Hamilton's principle. The formulation is based on a modified couple stress theory, power- law variation of the material, and the von...