K. et al. Patterns of conservation and change in honey bee developmental genes. Genome Res. 16, 1376–1384 (2006). 51. Bopp, D., Schutt, C., Puro, J., Huang, H. & Nothiger, R. Recombination and disjunction in female germ cells of Drosophila depend on the germline activity of ...
19, leading to the production of functional Tra protein which in association with Tra2 modulates the splicing ofdsxpre-mRNA in female mode;dsxpre-mRNA splices in a default mode in males in the absence of functional Tra protein20,21. Therefore, in drosophilids...
49,50 Workers usually do not mate, so they lack the potential for laying female eggs, but ovarian development could be indicative of an ability to lay male eggs. Dominance hierarchies are also known in bumblebees and in some ant species that have small colonies.51 Body size differences can...
In addition to the quantity of the marking secretion, its composition likely plays a decisive role for male attractiveness. InP. triangulum, the composition of the males’ marking secretion has presumably been influenced by a female sensory bias [53–55]. FemaleP. triangulumuse (Z)-11-eicosen...
the so-called beewolves (comprising (Philanthus+Trachypus) +Philanthinus,withTrachypusmost probably being a subgenus ofPhilanthus[32,33]). The members of the subfamily largely share basic life-history characters, in particular with regard to female nesting behavior (e.g. [34–40]) and male...
(whiteflies), even if they are the only hosts available. When a virgin female does deposit haploidmale eggsin a primary host (whiteflies), these eggs usually do not develop, for unknown reasons. An unusual population ofE. pergandiellawas found in which males could develop on the primary ...
japonicus. The proleg of male (A) and female (B) are sexual dimorphism, in that the prolegs of males are equipped with large suction cups (C) absented in females, and bear specialized adhesive setae on their ventral side. Each spatula seta, labeled with the rectangle, is shown at ...
(sperm viability vs. number of sperm with 2–4 days before ejaculation as the critical thermal window) two-trait models were used. These were setup using MCMCglmm v.2.2986with the same error distributions as the single-trait models. For female gametic traits, models were run for 5,000,000...
40. With a male-biased display of flowers,A. napellusshould preferentially attract pollinators that disperse pollen grains and contribute to male fitness13,23. Deposition of pollen on female-phase flowers is maintained by the pattern of upward foraging commonly exhibited in bumblebees on vertical ...
associated protein 5-like (NlSPATA5) gene because it was up-regulated after triazophos (tzp)-treatment. However, a direct link betweenNlSPATA5up-regulation and female reproduction has not been investigated4. Nonetheless, because of its broad importance in animals, it has become a BPH gene of ...