with M1 macrophages predominating initially. Subsequently, the proportion of M1 macrophages gradually decreased, while the proportion of M2 macrophages significantly
Functional assays in M1 and M2 mouse macrophages (A) Incubation of compounds 6 (10 μM, white) and 5 (5 μM, gray; 10 μM, black) in different subpopulations of macrophages confirm a dose-dependent release of doxorubicin (determined by cell viability) from 5 in M1 macrophages. (B) Flo...
The decrease in both M1 and M2 macrophage markers by calcitriol or their negative correlation with CYP27B1 indicate the modulatory, but rather anticancer activity of VD. The intensity of these effects was the strongest in postmenopausal patients and those without metastases....
with M1 macrophages predominating initially. Subsequently, the proportion of M1 macrophages gradually decreased, while the proportion of M2 macrophages significantly
While the M1/M2 polarization model has been widely employed to depict functional alterations in vitro, the advent of single-cell analysis techniques, such as single-cell ribonucleic acid (RNA) sequencing (scRNA-seq), has rapidly advanced the comprehension of the activation states and intricate pheno...
Knockdown of HOXD9 led to macrophage M2 polarization, and overexpression of APOC1 polarized macrophage M1. In addition, enhanced p65 phosphorylation verified that HOXD9/APOC1 induced macrophage M1-type polarization by activating the NF-κB signaling pathway. Knocking down APOC1 enhanced the inhibitory...
Current therapies aim to regulate the polarization of macrophages from the M1 to the M2 type.1,2 However, M1-type macrophages possess a strong ability to combat bacteria, viruses, and foreign body debris in the wound microenvironment. Additionally, they can modulate the inflammatory immune ...
Supplementary Figure 5. Inflammation-dependent alternative (IDA) macrophages show a unique signature compared to M2 and M1 macrophages. 因此,作者推论正常结肠组织驻留巨噬细胞至少存在两种状态。M2驻留巨噬细胞可能源于M-CSF诱导的循环单核细胞,然而M0巨噬细胞起源尚未明确。
1). Apart from M0 and M2, we found inflammatory/activated macrophages in at least three different states: two transcriptionally different M1 populations (M1 ACOD1 and M1 CXCL5) and the IDA macrophage cluster, in addition to a population of inflammatory monocytes. Comparison of these inflammation-...
Gene expression plasticity is central for macrophages' timely responses to cues from the microenvironment permitting phenotypic adaptation from pro-inflammatory (M1) to wound healing and tissue-regenerative (M2, with several subclasses). Regulatory macrophages are a distinct macrophage type, possessing ...