In the present study, we investigated the effect of M1-type microglia-derived extracellular vesicles (EVsM1Microglia) in the pathological process of POCD. The levels of NF-κB phosphorylation and IL-1β protein expression in hippocampal neurons were significantly increased in the Surgery group, ...
Microglia play crucial roles in the maintenance of brain homeostasis. Activated microglia show a biphasic influence, promoting beneficial repair and causing harmful damage via M2 and M1 microglia, respectively. It is well-known that microglia are initially activated to the M2 state and subsequently swi...
After SCI, Exogenous trauma causes massive cell death in tissues, which in turn activates immune cells such as microglia, leading to the secretion of large amounts of inflammatory factors [42]. The activation of inflammatory cells can effectively inhibit the development of trauma in the early ...
Melatonin attenuates choroidal neovascularization by regulating macrophage/microglia polarization via inhibition of RhoA/ROCK signaling pathway. J. Pineal. Res. 69, e12660 (2020). Krause, T. A., Alex, A. F., Engel, D. R., Kurts, C. & Eter, N. VEGF-production by CCR2-dependent ...
Li Z, Ma L, Kulesskaya N, Voikar V, Tian L (2014) Microglia are polar- ized to M1 type in high-anxiety inbred mice in response to lipopoly- saccharide challenge. Brain Behav Immun 38:237-248. doi:10. 1016/j.bbi.2014.02.008...
Melatonin protects against NMDA-induced retinal ganglion cell injury by regulating the microglia-TNFalpha-RGC p38 MAPK pathway. Int. Immunopharmacol. 2023, 118, 109976. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef] Dong, L.; Sun, Q.; Qiu, H.; Yang, K.; Xiao, B.; Xia, T.; Wang, A.; Gao, H.; ...
Tumor associated macrophages and microglia (TAMs) compose about 40% of tumor mass in glioblastoma (GBM). While TAMs can have a range of phenotype from immunostimulatory "M1-like" to immunosuppressive "M2-like". Tumors can induce TAMs into creating an immunosuppressive/pro-tumor microenvironment. ...
The differentiation of microglia from the M1 to M2 phenotype plays a vital role in neuroinflammation.MethodsIn the present study, we investigated the effect of CB2 receptor activation on the M1/M2 phenotypic transformation of microglia treated with 1-methyl-4-phenylpyridinium (MPP+). The M1 ...
Peroxynitrite mediates neurotoxicity of amyloid β-peptide 1-42 and lipopolysaccharide-activated microglia. J Neuro sci 22: 3484–3492. CAS Google Scholar Yamada K, Nabeshima T (2000). Animal models of Alzheimer's disease and evaluation of anti-dementia drugs. Pharmacol Ther 88: 93–113. ...