Passive RF and microwave integrated circuits are made up of distributed elements, lumped elements, or combinations of both these types of elements. Distributed elements consist of segments of transmission lines
We discuss the representation of sagittal phase differences in vocal fold oscillations through a numerical biomechanical model involving lumped elements as well as distributed elements, i.e., delay lines. A dynamic glottal source model is proposed in which the fold displacement along the vertical and...
For completeness of this study, as shown in Fig.26, the quartic to sextic shape functions of Lobatto elements are plotted to compare with the same degree shape functions of Lagrangian finite elements with equally spaced nodes given in Fig.1. It is clear that Lobatto elements eliminate the osci...
Another popular method of approximating a continuous system as an MDOF system involves replacing the geometry of the system by a large number of elements. By assuming a simple solution within each element, the principle of compatibility and equilibrium are used to find the approximate solution to ...
Lumped elements may also be realized by direct deposit on the substrate using thickor thin‐film techniques. A lumped element can in fact be considered as a "signal strip," albeit of somewhat complex geometry. The most common distributed elements are series transmission lines, shunt open stub ...
distributed elementslumped elementsmatching networkmixed element lossless two‐portsFor almost half a century, one of the major concerns of the circuit and microwave community has been the insertion loss synthesis with mixed lumped and distributed elements. This chapter extends the simplified real ...
In this chapter, we discuss analog filter structures, i.e., doubly resistively terminated reactance networks, that can be designed to be optimal from an element sensitivity point of view. These analog filter structures will in Chaps. 10 鈥 12 be used in the derivation of their digital ...
A low pass filter comprises a first series of transmission line elements connected between an input and an output; and a second series of shunt elements connected from the transmission line elements to a ground of the filter. At least one of the shunt elements has a distributed portion and a...
of signal loss in lumped elements can be improved in superconductor structures, such applications are limited. At frequencies between several hundred MHz to several GHz, the relatively large size of distributed elements is not practical, e.g., in mobile communication instruments. The trends in desig...
distributed elementslumped elementsconvolution integralartificial resistorst hybrid domainIn analyzing integrated circuits such as VLSI, transients of interactions among integrated circuit devices have received little attention. Interconnection lengths have been disregarded in VLSI technology and the circuits ...