This paper examines the impact of local government form on fiscal outcomes in Indonesia. The form of local government, that is, whether it is headed by a popularly (directly) elected or parliament appointed (indirectly elected) executive, is exogenously determined and therefore tax, expenditure, an...
(PICEEBA-5 2020) Effectiveness of Revenue, Growth Rate and Contribution of Local Retribution on the Local Own-Source Revenue of Pariaman City Halkadri Fitra1, Fefri Indra Arza2, Henri Agustin3, Fitri Cynthia Haeny4 1,2,3,4Universitas Negeri Padang, Padang, Indonesia halkadri.feunp@gmail....
The goal of NURM, however, is to upgrade urban infrastructure and to further reform the urban situation. The centrally devised program has identified over 60 Indian cities for the improvement program. Funding provision for the improvement is to be divided according to a defined ratio for mega ci...
Bahl RW (1971) A Regression Approach to Tax Effort and Tax Ratio Analysis. IMF Staff Pap 18(003):283.https://doi.org/10.5089/9781451969276.024 ArticleGoogle Scholar Bahl R, Linn J (1992) Urban public finance in developing countries. Published for the Wolrd Bank Oxford University Press, Was...
Increasing attention has been paid to regional innovation systems. However, previous studies have so far only focused on (the regional impact of) national policies or specific regions. Despite increasing attention to regional and local innovation policie
Expense Ratio0.30% The amounts shown above are as of the current prospectus, but may not include extraordinary expenses incurred by the Fund over the past fiscal year. Amounts are rounded to the nearest basis point, which in some cases may be "0.00". ...
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J Raz - 《Ratio Juris》 被引量: 52发表: 2007年 Environmentally Motivated Tax Distinctions and WTO Law: The European Commission's Green Paper on Integrated Product Policy in Light of the 'Like Product-' ... ThearticlediscussestheWTO‐compatibilityofareducedVATratefor‘environmentallyfriendly’product...
Total Returns After Tax Returns Quality Asset Classification Country Allocation All Holdings Current Day Holdings Recent Distributions Fund Overview Profile As of 01/17/2025 Expense Ratio 0.55% CUSIP 97717X867 Total Assets (000) $62,832.28 Shares Outstanding 2,450,000 Weighted Average ...
(2010) use the same definition of home bias as Ahearne et al. (2004). Mondria and Wu (2010) define home bias as ‘one minus the ratio share of “foreign equities in country i’s portfolio” and “the share of foreign equities in the world portfolio” from perspective of country I’...