your bytes leave the application layer on Host A and travel through the transport and network layers on Host A; then they go down to the physical medium, across the medium, and up again through the various lower
Most users interact with NetworkManager through an applet on the desktop—it’s usually an icon in the upper or lower right that indicates the connection status (wired, wireless, or not connected). When you click on the icon, you get a number of connectivity options, such as a choice of ...
round-robin 0: Loop through every path in the path group, sending the same amount of I/O to each. queue-length 0: Send the next bunch of I/O down the path with the least number of outstanding I/O requests. service-time 0: Send the next bunch of I/O down the path ...
User security is provided by Linux through authentication mechanisms such as password protection, limited access to particular files, and data encryption. 28. Explain various file permissions in Linux? In Linux, each file and directory has three categories of owners which are User, Group, and Oth...
In a directory with hundreds of files, this loop saves you a considerable amount of time in renaming all of them. Extrapolating lists of items Imagine that you have a file that you want toscpto several servers. Remember that you can combine theforloop with other Bash features, such as she...
而在linux内核中是无法使用printf函数的,取而代之的是printk函数。printk在内核源码中用来记录日志信息的函数,只能在内核源码范围内使用,用法类似于printf函数。 一个较大的差别在于printk支持多种日志级别,从而允许printk根据消息的等级选择性进行打印。 printk函数主要做两件事情: ...
/bin/bash3# iterating through multiple directories4forfilein/home/rich/.b* /home/rich/badtest5do6if[ -d"$file"]7then8echo"$file is a directory"9elif[ -f"$file"]10then11echo"$file is a file"12else13echo"$file doesn't exist"14fi15done16$ ./test717/home/rich/.backup.timestamp...
Linux interface names are defined internally in the kernel and are not device files in the/devdirectory. Some typical device names are listed later in "A Tour of Linux Network Devices"." The assignment of interfaces to devices usually depends on the order in which devices are configured. For...
in modules -fmodules-ts Enable support for the C++ Modules TS -fmodules-user-build-path <directory> Specify the module user build path -fmodules-validate-input-files-content Validate PCM input files based on content if mtime differs -fmodules-validate-once-per-build-session Don't verify ...
# iterating through multiple directories for file in /home/rich/.b* /home/rich/badtest #这是一个列表,首先会遍历/home/rich/.b*所有文件,然后在遍历/home/rich/badtest 这个单独文件 do if [ -d "$file" ] then echo "$file is a directory" ...