It is common for data to be collected using questionnaires and for response data to be in the form of choices on a Likert scale or some other type of attitude scale. However, analyses of data from such questionnaires are frequently, theoretically flawed. Likert scales and similar measurement to...
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A very common question is whether it is legitimate to use Likert scale data in parametric statistical procedures that require interval data, such as Linear Regression, ANOVA, and Factor Analysis.
Ordinal predictor variables have to be treated as either nominal unordered categories or numerical. In the former case, you are throwing away information about the ordering. In the latter, you’re making assumptions about the differences between the scale items. If those distances can be reasonably...
“agree” would be the same as “neutral” and “disagree,” for example. People tend to think there is a bigger difference between items at the extremes of the scale than in the middle (there is some evidence cited in Kaptein et al.’s paper that this is the case). For ordinal ...
"What is half of the time of the time when I am awake, half of all my time spent on learning, or what? Wen (1993) asked, "Half Another related problem does not quite lie in the scale as such. It is not unusual to see results from the Likert type questionnaire subjected to a...
The reliability of Likert scale measurements is crucial for ensuring the validity of research findings and the consistency of questionnaire instruments. In this study, we employed Cronbach's alpha reliability testing, implemented through Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS) Statistics software...