Although the prominent understanding has been that ketamine's mode of action is mediated solely via the NMDA receptor, this view has been challenged by reports implicating other glutamate receptors such as AMPA, and other neurotransmitter systems such as serotonin and opioids in the antidepressant ...
Synonyms Ketalar; Ketaset Definition Ketamine is an FDA-approved medication for induction and maintenance of anesthesia in adults. It is a phencyclidine derivative first synthetized in 1962. Its primary mode of action is by blocking N -methyl-D-aspartate glutamate receptors (NMDA-R). At subanesth...
Intravenous ketamine has a rapid onset of less than or equal to 1 minute with a duration of action of around 10 to 20 minutes.[16]Nor-ketamine is an active metabolite of ketamine which contributes to the longer duration of anesthesia and analgesia.[16]The intramuscular ketamine effect is much...
Finally, chromatin-immunoprecipitation analyses revealed that ketamine altered the recruitment of the CLOCK:BMAL1 complex on circadian promoters in a time-dependent manner. Our results reveal a yet unsuspected molecular mode of action of ketamine and thereby may suggest possible pharmacological ...
et al. Cardiorespiratory effects on default-mode network activity as measured with fMRI. Hum. Brain. Mapp. 30, 3031–3042 (2009). Article Google Scholar Schwarz, A. J. et al. A stereotaxic MRI template set for the rat brain with tissue class distribution maps and co-registered anatomical...
In VTA-DA neurons recorded from mice treated with ketamine (10 mg kg − 1) or (2R,6R)-HNK (10 mg kg − 1), the spontaneous action potential firing, measured in cell-attached mode, the Ih current and afterhyperpolarization were not significantly different from those measured in neurons...
Aghajanian GKMarek GJ Serotonin, via 5-HT2A receptors, increases EPSCs in layer V pyramidal cells of prefrontal cortex by an asynchronous mode of glutamate release. Brain Res. 1999;825161- 171Google ScholarCrossref 86. Umbricht DVollenweider FXSchmid LKoller R Investigations into the neurobiolog...
At present, there is support for intravenous (Phillips et al., 2019) and intra-nasal dosing (Ionescu et al., 2021), however, oral ketamine also shows considerable promise (Can et al., 2021; Dutton et al., 2022) and may represent a viable alternate mode of treatment which is better ...
Because ketamine is a racemic mixture (1:1) of two optical enantiomers, we looked for possible differences in action between the stereoisomers. Seventy-six guinea pig hearts were perfused in the "Langendorff" mode under conditions of constant flow (5 mL/min) using modified Krebs-Henseleit ...
The first analysis used data-independent a priori seeds in the affective (subgenual anterior cingulate cortex (sgACC)), cognitive control (dorsolateral PFC (DLPFC)), and default mode networks (posterior cingulate/ precuneus (PCC)). In this analysis, the MDD group showed Neuropsychopharmacology 1214...