Based on the observations of δ subunit pathogenicity in mice, we further explored the role of the δ subunit in fungal growth. To examine the in vitro growth, YPD medium with glucose as the glycolysis substrate and YPS medium with succinic acid as the OXPHOS substrate were used. In YPD me...
To understand how glucose is metabolized during chondrocyte differentiation, we used the Seahorse metabolic analyzer. We measured glycolysis and oxidative phosphorylation (OxPhos) in the above enriched proliferating and hypertrophic populations, capitalizing on the Seahorse’s ability to measure these processes...
The proportion of nuclei in each phase of the cell cycle was determined using Attune™ NxT Software. Glucose and lactate determination Measurements of glucose changes over time were performed in the same experimental design as described above (see Cell proliferation assay) using a blood glucometer...
Therefore, we are proposing that oxidative damage plays a role in aging when the damage produced by increased ROS results in the generation of senescent cells, which can accumulate over the lifespan of an animal. 4. Experimental procedures 4.1. Animals The Sod1−/− mice used in this ...
falciparum enzyme, glucose-6-phosphate dehydro- genase-6-phosphogluconolactonase (PfGluPho) (Figure S2D). Using both recombinant PfGluPho as well as parasite lysate, we found that Darapladib did not inhibit the essential glucose- 6-phosphate de...
Whereas the wild-type S/S eIF2α MEFs were 80% viable after growth in glucose-free medium, the viability of the homozygous A/A eIF2α mutant MEFs was reduced to 35% at 66 hr (Figure 2D). Thus, phosphorylation of eIF2α is an ER signaling pathway necessary for survival upon ER ...
The aim of this work was to investigate the mechanism of poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase 1 (PARP1), which is a DNA repair enzyme activated by high-glucose-induced oxidative stress, and its effect on glucose toxicity in HepG2 hepatocytes. HepG2 cells were cultured under normal (5.5mM) or ...
Over 90% of cancer-related deaths in clear cell renal cell carcinoma (RCC) are caused by tumor relapse and metastasis. Thus, there is an urgent need for new molecular markers that can potentiate the efficacy of the current clinical-based models of prognosis assessment. The objective of this ...
Nicotinamide riboside (NR) is in wide use as an NAD+ precursor vitamin. Here we determine the time and dose-dependent effects of NR on blood NAD+ metabolism in humans. We report that human blood NAD+ can rise as much as 2.7-fold with a single oral dose o
OCR and ECAR were measured in real time in Nx, Phx, or Hx. Cells were deprived of glucose for 1 h, then glucose (G–10 mM), oligomycin (O–1 µM), 2,4-Dinitrophenol (DNP–10 µM), and Rotenone + Antimycin A (R/A–1 µM) were injected at the indicated ...