These data together suggest that insulin resistance is involved in both physiological and pathological processes in women. Insulin plays a pivotal role in glucose and lipid metabolism through the phosphorylated insulin receptor (IR), insulin receptor substrates (IRSs), and the phosphatidylinositide-3-...
The essential role of the vagus nerve in mediating the hunger and satiety induced by the lack of excess of glucose for cellular oxidation places the short-term glucostatic control in the periphery where the insulin is primarily acting. A unifying hypothesis concerning the role of insulin in the...
Insulin plays a major role in glucose metabolism increasing its utilization mostly by adipose tissue (AT) and skeletal muscle, and inhibiting hepatic gluconeogenesis. It promotes tissue glucose uptake through the regulated trafficking of endosomal sorting vesicles containing glucose transporter 4 (GLUT4) ...
Human primary hepatocytes, Huh7 hepatoma cells with silenced PTP1B, mouse hepatocytes from wild-type and PTP1B-deficient mice, and a mouse model of chronic APAP treatment were used to examine the mechanisms involving PTP1B in the effects of APAP on glucose homeostasis and hepatic insulin ...
Intracellular eccDNA SORBS1circle expression was significantly enhanced in the high glucose and palmitate (HG/PA)-induced hepatocyte (HepG2 cell) insulin resistance model. Moreover, the upregulation of eccDNA SORBS1circle in the HG/PA-treated HepG2 cells was dependent on generation of apoptotic ...
Insulin therapy plays an essential role in the treatment of diabetes mellitus. However, frequent injections required to effectively control the glycemic levels lead to substantial inconvenience and low patient compliance. In order to improve insulin delivery, many efforts have been made, such as develop...
Postprandial metabolic dysregulation plays a role in the development of atherosclerosis. Visceral fat accumulation is an important component of various met... H Nakatsuji,K Kishida,T Kitamura,... - 《Metabolism Clinical & Experimental》 被引量: 53发表: 2010年 Should we do an oral glucose toleranc...
Insulin Receptor Substrate-2 (Irs2) in Endothelial Cells Plays a Crucial Role in Insulin Secretion Endothelial cells are considered to be essential for normal pancreatic 尾-cell function. The current study attempted to demonstrate the role of insulin receptor substrate-2 (Irs2) in endothelial cells...
The glucose transporter GLUT4 facilitates insulin-stimulated glucose uptake into muscle and adipose tissue. Defects in glucose uptake represent an early step in the development of type 2 diabetes mellitus. GLUT4 is distributed between the plasma membrane, the trans-Golgi network (TGN), endosomes and...
Circulating nutrients that stimulateinsulin releaseinclude mainly D-glucose and othermonosaccharides, pyruvic and lactic acid, amino acids, unesterified fatty acids, andketone bodies. Among these nutrients, D-glucose plays an essential role. It is indeed the sole nutrient able to stimulateinsulin secret...