Stem cell-based COVID-19 therapy Individual humans’ immune system plays a fundamental role in reclamation and protection against infections. Therefore, evading the detrimental cytokine storm elicited in response to virus invasion is very important in critically affected COVID-19 patients. Immunomodulatory...
Studies such as these have shown the feasibility of quantitatively studying the evolution of cell types, but have limitations: different cortical regions have been profiled in humans and mice; different sets of transcripts have been captured with single-cell and single-nucleus assays; and ...
33 In humans, the NK cell receptors that mediate tumor recognition include NKp46, NKp30, NKp44, DNAM-1 (DNAX accessory molecule-1), and NKG2D. The receptors used in NK-cell-mediated tumor lysis depend upon the ligands expressed by the target cells. Ligands expressed on target cells ...
Circadian rhythms organize many aspects of cell biology and physiology to a daily temporal program that depends on clock gene expression cycles in most mammalian cell types. However, circadian rhythms are also observed in isolated mammalian red blood cells (RBCs), which lack nuclei, suggesting the ...
The interaction with the nuclear factor Y subunit C11 (NF-YC11), confirmed to occur in the nucleus by BiFC, was proposed to be important for maintaining apical meristem functioning and thus plant growth under long-day conditions. By analogy with fungal and animal models, important roles of ...
cell death protein 1 (PD-1). It is expressed on the surface of certain immune cells, including T cells, which play a crucial role in recognizing and eliminating cancer cells [18]. Another checkpoint molecule is cytotoxic T-lymphocyte-associated protein 4 (CTLA-4), which is primarily found ...
Finally, SARS-CoV-2 might enter the CNS through the highly vascularized circumventricular organs that express ACE2 such as the subfornical organ, or through the paraventricular nucleus of the hypothalamus, the nucleus of the solitary tract, and the rostral ventrolateral medulla that also express ACE...
A key aspect of TB pathogenesis that maintains Mycobacterium tuberculosis in the human population is the ability to cause necrosis in pulmonary lesions. As
a process of reverse splicing or head-tail circular splicing, in which the downstream exon splices in reverse order to the upstream exon.39CirRNAs are transformed into linear RNA by targeting miRNA and regulate gene expression. CirRNA is more stable than linear RNA isoforms because it lacks an...
Food availability and usage is a major adaptive force for the successful survival of animals in nature, yet little is known about the specific signals that activate the host digestive system to allow for the consumption of varied foods. Here, by using a