Cysts that develop from parasite ookinetes on the outside of the mosquito midgut, under the basal lamina, and in which asexual replication produces hundreds of sporozoites. Secretory vesicles Membrane-bound vesicles that are derived from intracellular organelles and contain material for transport beyond ...
Animals transmit not only DNA but also other molecules, such as RNA, proteins and metabolites, to their progeny via gametes. It is currently unclear to what extent these molecules convey information between generations and whether this information changes according to their physiological state and envi...
Sequencing of certain animals or organs can be challenging due to their limited availability, difficulty in manipulation, or ethical concerns. Organoids, 3D cultures developed from stem cells that closely resemble the source tissue [153], are valuable in vitro tools for organoid single-cell transcrip...
Nevertheless, COCs obtained from prepubertal animals can be successfully matured and fertilized in vitro, producing alive offspring after embryo transfer of 2–4-cell embryos [4]. Nowadays, the majority of in vitro studies use female gametes derived from prepubertal gilts since they represent the ...
However, these phenomena are observed more often in plants than in animals. The nascent allotetraploid lineage examined in this work was derived from the hybridization of goldfish and common carp, and subsequent polyploidization (Fig. 1). Studies on genomic, epigenomic, and expression changes in ...
Human seminal plasma is a complex fluid produced by secretions from several glands of the male genital tract and male gametes consist of rich amount of EVs [250]. EVs are synthesized by the prostate, as well as by the epididymis, and even by the testis. EVs are classified based on testicu...
Another unique feature of sea cucumbers among the echinoderms is that they possess a single gonad and a single gonopore instead of five, located anteriorly at the base of the tentacles [133]. Like other echinoderms, gametes are released in the sea water [133]. Compared to the broad informa...
In nature, several kinds of entities correspond to different “species concepts” or specions that are irreducible one to another. These categories can be defined according to the modalities of their reproduction, i.e., of their gametopoiesis (mode of formation of gametes), of their kineto...
INTRODUCTION ALTHOUGH polyploidy can be induced readily in a wide variety of plants by chemical and physical agents which affect spindle function, similar studies in animals are rare and restricted mostly to amphibia (Fankhauser, 1945). In fish, triploidy has been induced by the application of ...
In animals, soluble GCs are activated by nitric oxide, while membrane-bound GCs are activated by ligands that bind to their extracellular domain36. The SIP+-responsive GC/PDE is predicted to have two transmembrane domains and both the putative GC and PDE catalytic domains are positioned at the...