is one of the genetic mechanisms conferring HS in animals and plants11. Genetic elements belonging to this group include thesegregation distorter(SD)system in Drosophila12,13, thewtfloci in yeast14,15, thepeel-1/zeel-1andsup35/pha-1genes in nematodes16,17,18, thet-haplotype in mice19,20,...
In order for sexual reproduction to take place, male and female gametes must fuse to produce the first cell of the new embryonic plant. What is the value of sexual reproduction to plants? Sexual reproduction ensures diversity, new genes, and a new blueprint. If the bees like it, this colo...
“males”, as male individuals do not produce offspring; asexual animals are thus expected to produce higher quantities of offspring than sexual ones. In animals, where separate sexes are the rule (ie. male and female individuals), the cost of males is regarded as a major problem [3,4]. ...
The number of male gametes is critical for reproductive success and varies between and within species. The evolutionary reduction of the number of pollen grains encompassing the male gametes is widespread in selfing plants. Here, we employ genome-wide as
Prolonged storage of gametes in relation to fertility and progeny characteristics in farm animals. In: BLANDAU, R.J. Agind gametes their biology and pathology. New York: S. Karger, 1975. p.249-264.Rowson, L.E.A., 1975. Prolonged storage of gametes in relation to fertility and progeny ...
2.1. Animals ethics Experimental protocols complied with the current laws of The Netherlands and were approved by the CCD (Central Committee for Animal Experiments) project numbers AVD401002017817 and AVD40100202215, and by the DEC (Animal Experiments Committee) and IvD (Authority for Animal Welfare)...
First, there was a dissociation of Dsh from the female pronuclear-associated structures in animals like Nematostella, followed by a mechanism to localize and tether Dsh to membrane vesicles at the vegetal pole. Interestingly, Dsh has domains that allow it to interact with microfilaments, ...
These notions above represent two sides of Gould's conviction that the internal structure of an organism can set and constrain the pathways of change [57]. Degenerate animals often have a simpler anatomy than primitive and non-degenerate animals, such as in Lepas [65]. De Villiers [65] ...
INTRODUCTION ALTHOUGH polyploidy can be induced readily in a wide variety of plants by chemical and physical agents which affect spindle function, similar studies in animals are rare and restricted mostly to amphibia (Fankhauser, 1945). In fish, triploidy has been induced by the application of ...
In many animals, the germline is segregated from the somatic lineage in early embryonic development through the specification of primordial germ cells (PGCs), the precursors of gametes for reproduction and fertility. In some species, such as fruit fly and zebrafish, PGCs are determined by the ...