Siglecs are sialic-acid-binding immunoglobulin-like lectins that are mostly expressed by cells of the immune system. Siglecs can be divided into two subsets based on their sequence similarity and evolutionary relatedness. The main subset comprises the CD33-related subgroup, which appears to be evolvin...
REVIEWS Siglecs and their roles in the immune system Paul R. Crocker*, James C. Paulson‡ and Ajit Varki § Abstract | Cell surfaces in the immune system are richly equipped with a complex mixture of glycans, which can be recognized by diverse glycan-binding proteins. The Siglecs are a ...
These are small solid structures located at different points along the lymphatic system. Their function is to trap the microorganisms or other antigens, that enter the lymph and tissue fluid. Therefore, the antigens trapped in the lymph nodes are responsible for the activation of lymphocytes presen...
The immune system protects our body from constant attack by viruses, bacteria, and otherpathogens. Much of this protection is provided by hematopoietic immune cells, which are derived from the bone marrow and specialize in fighting pathogens. They include macrophages, which remove pathogens; T cells...
In the great majority of present-day vertebrate species, the adaptive immune system is based on the ability to generate large families of variable lymphocyte receptors with immunoglobulin-like structures. This ability has been conserved as a result of the acquisition of a specialized recombination ...
Neutrophils also known as polymorphonuclear (PMN) cells (due to their multilobed nucleus) are the most abundant circulating leukocyte population of the immune system. These leukocytes are considered specialised short-lived cells with deficits in numbers and/or function of this subset being associated ...
Such models typically have complex structures and consist of a large number of modeling parameters. Determining the key modeling parameters which govern the outcomes of the system is very challenging. Sensitivity analysis plays a vital role in quantifying the impact of modeling parameters in massively ...
Although for reasons that are discussed, immunology have had a weak influence so far on the Ensign of artifacts, one key aspects of immune networks, namely their endogenous double plasticity could be of interest for future engineering applications facing complex, hard to Model and time-varying envi...
Atherosclerosis is the root cause of many cardiovascular diseases. Extensive research in preclinical models and emerging evidence in humans have established the crucial roles of the innate and adaptive immune systems in driving atherosclerosis-associated
The recent recognition that EVs have the potential to function as biomarkers or as therapeutic tools has attracted even greater attention to their study. With this progress in mind, an updated comprehensive overview of the roles of EVs in the immune system is timely. This Review summarizes the ...