(hsa_circ_0007294) [143] can promote tumor migration, invasion and metastasis through the sponge mechanism. However, there are also circRNAs can inhibit tumor migration, invasion and metastasis. For example, circPTEN1 (hsa_circ_0002232) could attenuate invasion and metastasis of colorectal cancer t...
leading to increased IL-10 production and decreased IL-6 production by LPS-exposed DCs. It was suggested that this could be a mechanism by which autoimmunity is
The mechanism causing selective IgG subclass deficiency in humans is mostly unknown, but it is probably the abnormal differentiation of inactive lymphocytes in this disease. In these patients, the serum level of IgG, IgA, and IgM antibodies is normal, but the concentration of one or more ...
The Molecular Mechanism of Natural Killer Cells Function and Its Importance in Cancer Immunotherapy. Front Immunol. 2017 Sep 13;8:1124. doi: 10.3389/fimmu.2017.01124. PMID: 28955340; PMCID: PMC5601256. 2. Eismann P. Natural Killer Cells, British Society for Immunology.3. Vivier, E., ...
, 1998). Furthermore, Tregs may control the extent of effector T cell proliferation during an acute immune response via an IL-2-dependent feedback mechanism (Sakaguchi et al., 2008). Shifting to another aspect of the adaptive immune response, B cells can be activated by Th2 cells as ...
In MIC1, new NLR formation is an active mechanism that involves inter-chromosomal gene movement. Our synteny analyses between rice andB. distachyondocumented the movement of NLRs as well as the rapid loss of synteny in regions surrounding NLR-IDs. Interestingly, homologs of IDs were often present...
Nipocalimab is additionally being studied in hemolytic disease of the fetus and newborn (HDFN), another alloimmune disease of pregnancy with a similar disease mechanism, often referred to as the red blood cell...
enriched in the TNF-signaling pathway. This suggests a qualitative difference of CD8+T cells depending on the inflammation status of the TME, with cells from tumors with high inflammation scores being more activated and effector-like, while cells from tumors with low inflammation score are stressed...
This may be ascribed to their immunostimulatory effects in the early stage, the “Yang” impact, and subsequent immunosuppressive effects when therapeutic resistance develops, the “Yin” counter-balance mechanism. Several stereotypical examples are MEK4/6 inhibitors, RT, and HDACi. Adding ICBs to ...
Oral tolerance can be induced by employing small or large doses of epitopes. Generally low dosage regimes induce secretion of down regulatory cytokine mediators by regulatory cells. High dosage tolerance, commonly referred to as clonal anergy, employs a passive mechanism in which the clones of cells...