Treatment with praziquantcl at the beginning of the lumen phase ofHymenolepis nanain mice showed conclusively that: (i) the mouse given eggs ofH. nanaproduces two separate immune responses against reinfection, one directed exclusively against the tissue phase of egg challenge (early response), ...
H. nana infections usually are transmitted through fecal–oral contact. In 1987, diagnostic laboratories in the U.S. found H. nana eggs in 0.4% of 216,000 stool specimens;21 however, infection rates in orphanages and institutions were reported to be as much as 10 times higher.22 Undefined...
H. nana infection is typically acquired from eggs in the feces fromanother infected individual, which are transferred by contaminated food. Eggs hatch inthe duodenum, releasing oncospheres that penetrate the mucosa and enter the lymphchannels of the villi. Then, oncospheres develop into a cystic...
nana, particularly in environments where the frequency of such transmission is likely to be high due to poor hygiene and inadequate sanitation [2,5–7]. However, it is still considered a zoonosis because infected commensal/synanthropic rodents, such as mice and rats, and arthropod intermediate ...
nana (Fig. 13-6). Of diagnostic relevance, the eggs are usually yellowish-brown and spherical. Unlike that of H. nana, the embryophore in these eggs does not bear conspicuous knobs and filaments at the poles. Insects are infected when they consume rodent feces containing either gravid prog...