As a part of its life cycle, C. albi- cans exists in a nonpathogenic yeast form as well as a potential pathogen during the hyphal stage. Recognized as a common component of the digestive and genital floras, C. albicans has the potential to cause superficial as well as disseminated ...
ATL is the major disease caused by HTLV-1 infection, while infection with HIV-1 ultimately results in defi- ciency of the human immune system. Biological structure of HTLVs and their components Similar to other retroviruses, HTLV-1 begins its life cycle by targeting specific cells. HTLV-1 ...
Jones KS, Petrowsadowski C, Bertolette DC, Huang Y, Ruscetti FW . Heparan sulfate proteoglycans mediate attachment and entry of human T-cell leukemia virus type 1 virions into CD4+ T cells. J Virol 2005; 79: 12692–702. Article CAS PubMed PubMed Central Google Scholar Manel N, Kim ...
this process can be summarized in three stages [15]. (i) Competence: CTBs must first exit the mitotic cell cycle and differentiate into fusion-competent cells [16]. During this stage, certain progenitor cell maintenance factors, includingTEAD4[17],YAP[18],TP...
We found cells that a small fraction of i6F induced hFSKs were able to colonize the sper- matogenic niche, indicating the existence of a small fraction of cells within i6F culture with a spermatogonial-like phenotype (Fig. 4A). However, the colonization efficiency of the induced germ ...
Ho L, Aytac U, Stephens LC, Ohnuma K, Mills GB, McKee KS, Neumann C, LaPushin R, Cabanillas F, Abbruzzese JL, Morimoto C, Dang NH (2001) In vitro and in vivo antitumor effect of the anti-CD26 monoclonal antibody 1F7 on human CD30 þ anaplastic large cell T-cell lymphoma Karpas...
Undoubtedly, it has improved living standards and made life easier, but it has impacted human life miserably and made humans impatient and lazy (Krakauer, 2016). It will slowly and gradually starve the human brain of thoughtfulness and mental efforts as it gets deep into each activity, like ...
USA Many cellular constituents in the human brain permanently exit from the cell cycle during pre- or early postnatal development, but little is known about epigenetic regulation of neuronal and glial epigenomes during maturation and aging, including changes in mood and psychosis spectrum disorders and...
15 Therefore, NTP-PPases join hands with DNA repair enzymes to guarantee the genetic stability through degrading the noncanonical nucleotides to maintain normal life cycle of cells.16 Moreover, NTP-PPases are also described to be associated with carcinogenesis. For example, the depletion of mth1 ...
The life cycle of enteroviruses (reviewed by1) is highly conserved and different enteroviruses are thought to modify the host cell in similar ways. Briefly, after receptor-mediated uptake of the naked virions and release of the genome into the cytosol, the viral RNA is translated by the ...