A gene, therefore, consists of a promoter, a set of codons for the amino acids in a specific enzyme, and a stop codon. That is all that a gene is. To create an enzyme, the cell must first transcribe the gene in the DNA into messenger RNA. The transcription is performed by an ...
Transcription occurs when an RNA polymerase enzyme rides along a specific region of a single strand of DNA and synthesizes (transcribes) an mRNA copy. Typically, the mRNA strand is modified by being snipped in several specific spots by a special enzyme and then rejoined into a shorter mRNA s...
antiparallel and complementary in nucleotide sequence to the template strand of the DNA. The other strand of DNA, referred to as either the nontemplate strand or the coding strand, has the same 5' to 3' orientation and sequence as the mRNA except that T...
This reduces total cDNA yield and the percentage of full-length cDNA, limiting the usefulness of AMV RT to reverse transcribe RNAs longer than ~5kb. Typical RT-PCR conditions include the use of up to 5µg of total RNA or up to 100ng of polyA+ mRNA, 20–30 units of enzyme and a ...
How do I transcribe DNA to mRNA and mRNA to protein? How is complementary base pairing different when pairing DNA to DNA than when pairing DNA to mRNA? Complementary base pairing is an essential feature of DNA replication and transcription and translation. Explain how. ...
Dopamine is well recognized as a neurotransmitter in the brain, and regulates critical functions in a variety of peripheral systems. Growing research has a
Cells continually generate energy, transcribe DNA, transport molecules, make enzymes and divide. These functions all create waste products. Cells need to continually take out the trash or they become tiny junkyards. Some of the waste is swept under the rugs or can’t be cleaned out at all....
How does the RNA polymerase know where to stop? The DNA sequence that determines whether RNA polymerase binds the promoter is called what? How does RNA polymerase choose its DNA strand to transcribe? Explain how you think a polymerase might have come into existence. Then...
speckles, which store cellular materials needed for RNA splicing, nucleoli, where ribosomes are formed, and a new kind of droplet Young's lab discovered in 2018 called a transcriptional condensate. These new condensates bring together all the different proteins needed to successfully transcribe a ...
The protein-based approach has been the conventional method that relies on attenuated or recombinant proteins directly delivered as immunogens to activate the adaptive and humoral immune response. The gene-based vaccines are delivered via a DNA or RNA vector to host cells where they will be ...