neurosis or openness. These are very difficult to measure in real life. Cronbach’s alpha will tell you how closely related a set of test items are as a group.
To verify the reliability and validity of the questionnaire, this paper utilizes SPSS27.0 and Amos24.0 software to conduct the reliability and validity test of the questionnaire. Reliability test Generally, a Cronbach’s α coefficient value of 0.7 or above indicates a good internal consistency of ...
As competition for gaining high-profit margins and survival among organizations (in the situation caused by COVID-19) grows, the number of business scandals or unethical pro-organizational behavior (UPOB) increases simultaneously. The current study inves
For results sections you’ll generally need to describe how you tested your hypotheses and your main findings. Also, explain how you scored or combined measures or created scales and describe scale reliability (Cronbach’s alpha; α). Organize this section by hypothesis. Communicate with words, ...
The statistical analysis used the Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS) version 28. To determine the reliability of our instruments, we relied on measures indicating their internal consistency and, if applicable, the inter-rater agreement. Specifically, we calculated Cronbach’s Alphas (α) ...
Cronbach’s Alpha and confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) were used to estimate reliability and construct validity, respectively. The PROCESS macro in SPSS was performed to analyze the mediating and moderated mediation effects of surface acting, emotional exhaustion, occupational commitment, and turnover ...
When the participants finished responding to the survey, we gave 2 yuan to each participant as a reward. Measures Internet Addiction Diagnostic Questionnaire The Chinese version of the Internet Addiction Diagnostic Questionnaire (Cronbach’s alpha = 0.84 for this study) was used to measure PIU...
Cronbach’s alpha and composite reliability were used to evaluate the reliability. The validity testing consisted of convergent validity and discrimination validity. The results showed that the design of measurement models was effective and reasonable, indicating that further structural model fitting ...
This study intends to use Cronbach’s alpha to test the reliability of the questionnaire. Cronbach’s alpha is the most commonly used reliability evaluation tool in psychological or educational tests [48]. According to experience, it is generally contended that when α is lower than 0.6, the ...
Data were analyzed in three stages: (1) confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) to evaluate reliability and validity test by the standardized factor loadings, Cronbach’s alpha, composite reliability (CR) and average variance extracted (AVE); (2) SEM for assessing the hypotheses that describe the dire...