which demonstrates that the clinical benefit from therapy relates more directly to the decrease in number of apoB particles than to the decrease in LDL-C and the atherogenic risk attributable to a very-low-density lipoprotein (VLDL) apoB particle is the same as that due to a LDL apoB parti...
Apolipoprotein B (APOB) is a constituent of unique lipoprotein particles (LPPs) produced in the retinal pigment epithelium (RPE), which separates the neural retina from Bruch’s membrane (BrM) and choroidal circulation. These LPPs accumulate with age in BrM and contribute to the development of ...
Citation47 The most common biological markers for macrophages are scavenger receptors, including type A and type B scavenger receptors,Citation48 while apolipoprotein A1-derived peptides, which mimic LDL, are also common ligands for targeting macrophages.Citation49 Therefore, inhibiting macrophage ...
ApolipoproteinMolecular weight (Da)Concentration (mg/dl)Tissue originFunction Apo-A1 28,300 90–130 Intestine, liver LCAT activator Apo-A2 17,000 30–50 Intestine, liver Unknown Apo-A4 46,000 10–30 Intestine, liver Unknown Apo-B100 516,000 80–100 Liver Cholesterol, triglyceride transport, re...
Similar to LDL, an Lp(a) particle also contains one molecule ofapolipoprotein B (apoB). Lipoproteins that promote atherosclerosis (the leading underlying cause of heart disease) are termed atherogenic. ApoB is an essential component of all atherogenic lipoproteins. ...
3. Decrease Body Weight If you’re currently overweight, losing even a few pounds can improve your HDL cholesterol. For every six pounds of weight you lose, your HDL canincreaseby 1 milligram per deciliter. That’s means you want tolose weight, and if you’re extremely overweight, getting...
Liver TG levels are positively correlated with the abundance of Firmicutes, while the abundance of Proteobacteria and B. acidifaciens has a negative correlation [51]. Symbiotic flagellate bacteria in the gut can promote the production of apolipoprotein A5 (ApoA5) and high-density lipoprotein ...
Low dietary intake of omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids can also contribute to depression through its effects on endocannabinoid and inflammatory pathways in specific brain regions leading to synaptic phagocytosis by microglia in the hippocampus, contributing to memory loss. However, encouragingly, ...
added to maximally tolerated statin therapy in patients at high risk for CVD significantly reduced LDL-C by 36% at week 12 compared with 17% for bempedoic acid alone or 23% for ezetimibe alone; similar results were observed with non–HDL-C, total cholesterol and apolipoprotein B (ApoB) [...
EPA and DHA have been shown to reduce platelet reactivity and aggregation, increase production of nitric oxide, inhibit oxidized LDL generation, and decrease expression of adhesion molecules on endothelial cell surfaces. They may also promote fibrinolysis and inhibit the coagulation cascade by reducing ...