The Bootstrap approach is used to calculate the threshold value in this study. All the data are repeatedly sampled for 300 times through the repeated Bootstrap approach to obtain robust values. Tables 4 and 5 indicate the calculation results of the threshold value. Table 4 Test for threshold ...
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By augmenting the Cobb-Douglas production function with a wide range of NIC indicators, we have managed to uncover 77% of hidden economic drivers (TFP, total factor productivity) in developed economies and to calculate the effect of intangible capital on GDP and growth. The results of our ...
Employing a large dynamic panel dataset of the Above-scale Industrial Dataset from the period between 1998 and 2012 with roughly 3,000,000 observations, we calculate a number of indicators of corporate performance, including Total Factor Productivity (TFP) and Return on Assets (ROA). Moreover, ...
The formula used to calculate the industrial structure rationalization index is based on the construction methods suggested by Fan, et al. [68]. 𝑇𝐿=∑𝑖=1𝑛(𝑌𝑖𝑌)ln(𝑌𝑖𝐿𝑖/𝑌𝑖𝐿)TL=∑i=1n(YiY)ln(YiLi/YiL) (8) 4.2.4. Control Variables Educational input...
Therefore, this paper chooses 13 types of related fossil fuels, including raw coal, cleaned coal, other washed coal, briquettes, coke, crude oil, gasoline, kerosene, diesel oil, fuel oil, liquefied petroleum gas, refinery gas and natural gas, to calculate the cumulative carbon emissions to ...
Even if we use some weighted expression to calculate productivity (such expression can be derived e.g., from Equation (15)), it can still be argued that there is no linear relationship between inputs and outputs and that such relationship is more complex or complicated. Although our model ...
To calculate the thermophysical and thermodynamic properties of seawater, add-on library functions available in the software are used. In addition, to conduct an economic analysis of the heat exchangers and dehumidifiers, the overall heat transfer coefficient of each heat exchanger is needed, which ...